3: Mumbai

Question 1

What’s the population of Mumbai?

Answer 1

16 million

Question 2

What’s good about Mumbai’s site?

Answer 2

• Closest Indian port to Suez canal
• 32 million air passengers a year
• 9hrs to UK, 4hrs to Singapore, 2hrs to all other Indian cities, 3hrs to Middle East

Question 3

Describe Mumbai’s situation and structure

Answer 3

• Natural deep harbour = India’s largest container port
• CBD is at tip of peninsula = land restriction
• Wealthy residential areas near the CBD and along coastlines
• Industry is either at port, or has moved out for cheaper land in outskirts or other cities
• 60% of people live in informal housing on the outskirts

Question 4

How many migrants arrive per day in Mumbai?

Answer 4

1000

Question 5

What rate is Mumbai growing at?

Answer 5

3% (hyperurbanisation)

Question 6

Why are people migrating to Mumbai?

Answer 6

• Job opportunities
• Education (12 universities and 95% literacy rate)
• Higher income (despite higher cost of living)
• Entertainment
• Services and facilities e.g. infrastructure

Question 7

Why is natural increase high in Mumbai?

Answer 7

Young migrants are settling down and starting families

Question 8

What is the natural increase in Mumbai?

Answer 8

1.4% per year, accounting for 50% of growth

Question 9

Describe the low-tax government cycle in Mumbai

Answer 9

Low government income -> no central planning for infrastructure -> city services stuggle -> companies leave -> government sets up tax free zones -> low government income

Low government income -> can’t afford factory inspectors and tax collectors -> factories are unregulated -> informal economy expands -> low government income

Question 10

What’s wrong with Mumbai’s waste disposal?

Answer 10

Despite having 80% recyling rate and employing 10,000 people, work is in workshops, involves children, and is dangerous

Question 11

Why is housing a problem in Mumbai?

Answer 11

• Limited land
• Authorities haven’t got money to build housing
• Rent caps deter developers

Question 12

What are the water problems in Mumbai?

Answer 12

• 60% of the population use communal taps (often turned off for rationing)
• 800 million litres of untreated sewage are dumped in the Mithi River per day

Question 13

How many people die per year on Mumbai’s trains?

Answer 13

3500 (from sitting on roof and hanging out doors)

Question 14

What do LSS do?

Answer 14

• Set up dermatology clinics
• Educate people about health
• Focus on helping women
• Runs kindergartens for children
• Expanded to treat TB as well as leprosy

Question 15

How many people have LSS helped?

Answer 15

Treated 28,000 leprosy patients in 30 years

Question 16

What’s Vision Mumbai?

Answer 16

To spend $40 billion by 2050 on:

• 1 million low-cost homes
• Improving transport
• Reducing pollution

Question 17

What was good about Vision Mumbai?

Answer 17

• 45,000 homes in Dharavi demolished
• People were moved into flats with piped water and sewage
• 72 new trains on the railways
• New air quality measures in 2015

Question 18

What was bad about Vision Mumbai?

Answer 18

• Spilt communities
• High rent in flats
• Affects high recyling rates
• Slums are growing disproportionately
• Beaches are unsafe for recreation
• Worsening water quality