3: MMR, Varicella and Zoster, Rotavirus Flashcards by Amy Nguyen

Which patients are at risk for rotavirus related disease?

below 5 years old (if unvaccinated)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Explain why patients are recommended to get the rotavirus vaccine?

asymptomatic, diarrhea, dehydration, fever, and vaccine can provide 80-90% efficacy against any rotavirus gastroenteritis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What dose is rotavirus given?

Rotateq (RVS): 3 - 2ml dose series @ 2, 4, 6 months old

Rotarix (RVI): 2 - 1ml dose series @ 2 and 4 months

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What age range is rotavirus given?

Rotateq (RVS): older than 6 weeks but younger than 32 weeks

Rotarix (RVI): older than 6 weeks but younger than 24 weeks

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the difference between rotateq (RVS) and rotarix (RVI)?

RVS - oral live human bovine virus vaccine

RVI - oral live human rotavirus
LATEX ALLERGY

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What would you do if a baby spits up their rotavirus vaccine?

count it the original dose (DONT REPEAT DOSE)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the adverse effects of rotavirus?

irritability
diarrhea
vomiting
intussusception

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Contraindications of rotavirus

severe allergic reaction to a vaccine component (including latex)
history of intussesception
severe combined immunodeficiency (SCIDS)
history of uncorrected congenital GI malformations

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Who is at risk for varicella related diesase?

infants
adults
pregnant –> congenital varicella syndrome (birth defects)
immunocompromised

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does varicella virus cause?

acute infection (Chickenpox) and persists in latent (hidden) form in ganglionic nerve fibers (which may reactivate)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are symptoms of chickenpox/varicella virus?

fever
itchy rash
VERY CONTAGIOUS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Name adverse effects of varicella vaccine and MMRV.

varicella: injection site reactions, fever

MMRV: fever, febrile seizure, and rash

(safer for MMR and varicella to be given seperately)

severe adverse effects in patients with T-cell dysfunction – uncontrollable disease

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the dose for MMRV and varicella vaccine?

0.5 ml per dose
2 doses - 28 days apart

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How is MMRV and varicella stored?

live - frozen between -58 and 5 degrees

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Specifications of MMRV vaccine

ONLY approved for 1-12 years old WITHOUT HIV
- NOT recommended for children with a hsitory of seizures

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Describe varicella immunity

if NOT pregnant or a healthcare provider, being born before 1980 will make you immune.

How/when would you vaccinate a non-immunized adult for varicella?

give 2 doses. seperated by 4-8 weeks

during a varicella outbreak
- second doses have been used to control outbreak

Contraindications of varicella vaccine

moderate to severe disease
allergy to components of vaccine
pregnant
immunosupressed
patients on medications that will interfere with vaccine

What is herpes zoster?

Shingles

Shingles patients can develop…

post herpetic neuragia (PHN)

What population is at high risk of herpes zoster?

Immunocompromised patients (more severe)
older patients with shingles (>50)

How is the zoster vaccine administered?

INACTIVATED
2 - 0.5ml IM
- healthy patients seperated by 2-6 months
- immunocompromised patients (1+ months)

How is the zoster vaccine stored?

refrigerated

What are adverse effects of RZV (Shingrix)

pain
tiredness
headache

Who is the zoster vaccine recommended to?

- immunocompetent adults 50+ - immunocompromised adults 19+

Contraindications of shingrix (RZV)

- severe allergy to any component of vaccine - no data to say if its safe for pregnancy or lactation

Serious health effects of getting measles.

- fever, cough, runny nose - rash that starts from the hairline and desends - pneumonia - encephalitis - SSPE (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis) VERY CONTAGIOUS

What are health effects of getting mumps?

- parotitis - inflammation of the testes - inflammation of the ovaries

What are health effects of getting rubella?

- rash that starts from the hairline and descends - fever, headache

How is the MMR vaccine stored?

MMR - live in the refrigerator or freezer MMRV - in the freezer

How is the MMR vaccine administered?

2 - 0.5ml SC @ 12-15 months and 4-6 years

What ages do patients usually get caught up with MMR?

1) 11-12 years old 2) women of childbearing age (cannot vaccinate when pregnant) 3) healthcare workers

Which populations are considered high risk?

- school age children - college students - healthcare personnel - international travelers

What to do if you are planning to travel to a measles endemic area?

if unimmunized or under immunized, one dose of MMR (min. 6 months old) IF recieved a dose between 6 and 11 months, it doesn't count -> will have to recieve 2 additional doses of MMR/

What to do if an unimmunized patient has been exposed to measles?

- if within 72 hrs of exposure, give 1 dose of MMR vaccine (min. 6-12 months old) - if they cannot get the MMR, give IGIM to persons younger than 12 months or >12 months and cannot recieve MMR (within 6 days of exposure) - if they cannot get the MMR, give IVIG to pregnant non-immune women and severely immune suppressed patients (within 6 days of exposure)

Which disease is recommended to receive a 3rd dose of the MMR vaccine if outbreak has occurred?

Mumps

Can MMR be given at the same time as other live vaccines?

Yes, it should be given the same time or seperated by 28 days. Also do the tuberculin skin test the same time if needed.

What are some adverse effects of the MMR?

- high fever - rash - in post-pubertal females: transient arthragia and arthritis - rare: thrombocytopenia

What are contraindications of the MMR vaccine?

- severe allergic reaction (gelatin + neomycin + eggs) - moderate to severe illness OR active TB - pregnant - immunosuppressed - recent receipt of antibody containing products - individuals who cannot handle a fever - thrombocytopenia