3 Metals and their Uses Flashcards
What are the properties of transition metals? (4)
Good conductors of heat
Good conductors of electricity
Strong
Malleable
Why is copper good to use when making water pipes?
It doesn’t react with water.
Why are pure elements often alloyed with other metals?
They are too soft and can be easily bent as pure elements. By alloying with other metals, it makes them harder, so they can keep their shape.
What are the issues with extracting aluminium using electrolysis?
Requires very high temperatures
Lots of electricity
EXPENSIVE
Why is titanium expensive?
Extraction process uses several stages & large amounts of energy. The HIGH COSTS make it expensive.
Describe the process of iron oxide reduction. (Blast furnace)
The iron oxide is reduced in a furnace with carbon.
High temperatures inside the furnace.
Describe the what the iron produced from a blast furnace is like?
96% iron.
Impurities make it very hard and brittle.
Very few uses as cast iron.
What are steels?
Alloys of iron.
Mixtures of iron, carbon and other elements.
Why are alloys made?
So they have properties for specific uses
Where are the transition metals found on the periodic table?
Central block
What is electrolysis used for?
To purify metals.
Properties of aluminium? (2)
Low density
Resistant to corrosion
Properties of titanium? (3)
Strong
Resistant to corrosion
Low density
What is the extraction method for aluminium oxide and why?
Electrolysis, because aluminium is more reactive than carbon, so the reduction reaction cannot be used.
What are the disadvantages of electrolysis? (3)
High temperatures needed
Lots of electricity needed
Expensive
