3, Lipids

Question 1

where are phospholipids found in?

Answer 1

cell membrane

Question 2

how do phospholipids form a bilayer

Answer 2

the hydrophilic head, shield the hydrophobic tail, forming two layers of phospholipids

Question 3

fatty acid tails are ———–

Answer 3

hydrophobic

Question 4

describe the structure of a phospholipid

Answer 4

Phospholipids have the same basic structure as a triglyceride but one fatty acid molecule is replaced by a hydrophilic phosphate group

Question 5

name the two main lipids

Answer 5

1. Triglycerides
2. Phospholipids

Question 6

what are the two types of fatty acids?

Answer 6

• saturated
• unsatrated

Question 7

how do these fatty acids differ?

Answer 7

they have varying hydrocarbon tails (R-groups)

Question 8

describe how triglycerides formed

Answer 8

they form via a condensation reaction that occurs when a fatty acid joins a single glycerol molecule, forming ester bonds as a water molecule is released. two more fatty acids join, releasing two more water molecules and forming two more ester bonds

Question 9

what are the differences between the fatty acids?

Answer 9

Saturated:
- has a single bond between the carbon atoms
Unsaturated:
- has double bonds between carbon atoms, causing a kink in the chain