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4. RE, Ethics, AW1 > (3) Kantian Ethics > Flashcards

(3) Kantian Ethics Flashcards

1
Q

Definition: moral law

A

Binding moral obligations

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2
Q

Definition: maxims

A

Another word for moral rules, determined by reason

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3
Q

Definition: duty

A

Duties are created by the moral law, to follow it is our duty. The world deontological means duty-based ethics

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4
Q

Definition: summum bonum

A

The highest, most supreme good

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5
Q

Definition: the good will

A

A person of good will is a person who makes decisions according to the moral law

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6
Q

Definition: categorical imperative

A

An unconditional moral obligation that is always binding irrespective of a persons inclination or purpose

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7
Q

Definition: hypothetical imperative

A

A moral obligation that applied only if one desires the implied goal

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8
Q

Definition: kingdom of ends

A

An imagined future in which all people act in accordance to the moral law

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9
Q

What does the objective moral law tell us?

A
  • what we ought to do, irrespective of consequence

- moral actions are about duty, action is right or wrong in itself

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10
Q

The application of the good will

A
  • in accordance to duty
  • I must do something not for my personal gain, but because it is the right thing to do
  • emotions must not drive us
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11
Q

Kant’s specific duties to ourselves and others

A
  • strive for self perfection
  • purse a greater good
  • freedom
  • be truthful
  • avoid drunkenness
  • not to commit suicide
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12
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
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13
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
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14
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
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15
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
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16
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
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17
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
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18
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
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19
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
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20
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
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21
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
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22
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
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23
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
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24
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
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25
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
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26
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
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27
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
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28
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
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29
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
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30
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
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31
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
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32
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
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33
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
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34
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
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35
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
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36
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
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37
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
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38
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
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39
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
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40
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
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41
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
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42
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
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43
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
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44
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
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45
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
How well did you know this?
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Not at all
2
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46
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
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47
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
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48
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
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49
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
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50
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
How well did you know this?
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51
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
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52
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
How well did you know this?
1
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54
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
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55
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
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56
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
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57
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
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58
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
How well did you know this?
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59
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
How well did you know this?
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2
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Perfectly
60
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
How well did you know this?
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61
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
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62
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
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63
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
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64
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
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65
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
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66
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
How well did you know this?
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Not at all
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Perfectly
67
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
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68
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
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69
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
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70
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
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71
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
How well did you know this?
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72
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
How well did you know this?
1
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2
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73
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
74
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
75
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
76
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
77
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
78
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
79
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
80
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
81
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
82
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
83
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
84
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
85
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
86
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
87
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
88
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
89
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
90
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
91
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
92
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
93
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
94
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
95
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
96
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
97
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
98
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
99
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
100
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
101
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
102
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
103
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
104
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
105
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
106
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
107
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
108
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
109
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
110
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
111
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
112
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
113
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
114
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
115
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
116
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
117
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
118
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
119
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
120
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
121
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
122
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
123
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
124
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
125
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
126
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
127
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
128
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
129
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
130
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
131
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
132
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
133
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
134
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
135
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
136
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
137
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
138
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
139
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
140
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
141
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
142
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
143
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
144
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
145
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
146
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
147
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
148
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
149
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
150
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
151
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
152
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
153
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
154
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
155
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
156
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
157
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
158
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
159
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
160
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
161
Q

Analytic Statments

A
  • predicate belongs to the subject
  • judgements of clarification-
  • a priori
162
Q

Synthetic Statements

A
  • need additional information, a posteriori
  • judgement of amplification, adds new knowledge
  • may be true or false
163
Q

How Kant views analytic and synthetic statments

A
  • looking at what someone does, does not tell you their behaviour is right or wrong
  • moral propositions are synthetic
  • moral knowledge comes from reason, a priori synthetic
164
Q

The Hypothetical Imperative

A
  • command conditional on desired result
  • behaviour for an end
  • Kant says we should look at the moral law which binds to us unconditionally
165
Q

The Categorical Imperative

A
  • moral knowledge is categorically, if truth telling is right, then we should always do it
  • our actions do not take into consideration the telos, deontological
  • universalised
166
Q

How we perceive the moral law

A
  • how we morally decide is linked to how we make sense of the world
  • known through reason, not sense experience
167
Q

Knowledge at first hand, before sense perception and experience

A
  • a priori
  • independent of experience, eg. Use of maths as you do not need physical objects to count
  • moral knowledge comes from within
168
Q

3 parts to the categorical imperative

A
  • universal law: should not act in a way which cannot be applied to all situations
  • Humans as ends not means: individual value and should be greatest as important
  • kingdom of ends- Kant says that we should consider everyone of equal value
169
Q

Problems with the 3 parts of the categorical imperative

A
  • universal law: We’re not all absolutists
  • human as ends not means: too idealistic, cannot engage everybody we need
  • Kingston of ends: we preference family and close once
170
Q

Problems with Kant’s idea on duty

A
  • human’s do not function away from their emotions, unrealistic idea of ‘duty for duties’ sake
  • if duties clash creates problem
171
Q

There Postulates

A
  • F (freedom)
  • I (immortality)
  • G (God)
172
Q

Freedom

A
  • ‘highest degree of life’ and the ‘inner worth of the world’
  • freedom to choose moral law over desires
  • gain freedom by adopting formal law
173
Q

Immortality

A
  • look towards perfect future
  • duty to unite with things that create happiness
  • endless improvement
174
Q

God

A
  • ethical theory without God, gut idea on being created rational creatures and eternal law points to God
  • committed Lutheran Christianity
175
Q

Is Kantian ethics helpful for decision making?

A 
Yes
- status of humans raised
- life is precious 
No
- what about less rational humans
- duty clash
176
Q

Kantian Ethics being too abstract

A
  • rely on principles
  • too unrealistic
  • unhelpful in no-win situations
  • can’t rank importance
177
Q

Hegel (18th C) critique of Kantian Ethics

A
  • does not provide what specifically to do

- only focus’ on non-contradiction

178
Q

Mill (19th C) critique of Kantian Ethics

A
  • Can’t explain why actions are wrong

- you have to look at the Utilitarians principle of utility (promote happiness) instead of reason

179
Q

Pojman (20th-21st C) critique on Kantian Ethics

A
  • idea that the categorical imperative could permit committing suicide when pain and suffering erodes the quality of life
  • Kant seems to argue against this
  • critical attempt to moral law exceptionless
180
Q

David Hume (18th C) moral approach

A
  • not through reason
  • based on feelings that approve or disapprove an actions
  • nothing present in the mind accept for impressions
  • erroneous Consensus, mistake to thing we have knowledge

4. RE, Ethics, AW1 (2 decks)

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