3. Introduction to the nervous system. Brainstem

Question 1

Neurons are seperate cells that communicate by…

Answer 1

Releasing chemicals by secretion at the ends of cell processes

Question 2

Difference in direction which axon and dendrite direct stimulus?

Answer 2

Axons direct s4mulus away from the cell

Dendrites direct s4mulus towards the cell

Question 3

Collections of neurons, synapses and processes found within ______ matter

Answer 3

grey matter

Question 4

Why do myelinating cells have periodic breaks?

Answer 4

To facilitate conduction

Question 5

Where two axons meet in a neurone it is the…

Answer 5

Node of ranvier

Question 6

Collections of nerve fibres many of which are coated with insulating fatty myelin is ____ matter

Answer 6

Is white matter

Question 7

Opposite of rostral is…

Answer 7

caudal

Question 8

Opposite of dorsal is…

Answer 8

Ventral

Question 9

Main 4 sections of the brain from a lateral aspect?

Answer 9

Cerebral hemispheres
Diencephalon (between brain)
Brain stem (3 bits)
Cerebellum

Question 10

By 28 weeks which brain lobs and grooves are evident?

Answer 10

Lobes: Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
Grooves: Central sulcus, parieto-occipital sulcus, pre-occipital notch, lateral fissure (insula in the floor)

Question 11

Function of gyri?

Answer 11

Increases surface and volume of grey matter

Question 12

3 bits of brain stem?

Answer 12

Midbrain (top)
Pons
Medulla

Question 13

What are the fluid filled spaces inside the brain?

Answer 13

Lateral ventricles x 2 (horns)
Third ventricle (head, slit like shape_
Forth ventricle (body)
Ventral aqueduct
Interventricular foramen

Question 14

Thalamus = part of diencephalon in wall of ___ vent.

Answer 14

part of diencephalon in wall of THIRD vent.

Question 15

How many bulges are in the Midbrain and name them?

Answer 15

Midbrain: 2 (cerebral peduncles)

Question 16

How many bulges are in the pons?

Answer 16

One

Question 17

How many bulges are in the medulla and name them?

Answer 17

4 bulges
2 x “olive”
2 x “pyramid”

Question 18

Where do the cranial nerve exit in the brain stem?

Answer 18

Ventrally (mostly, except IV )