3. Introduction to IV Fluid Therapy Flashcards
What are the typical daily requirements for water?
30ml/kg/day.
What are the typical daily requirements for sodium?
1-2mmol/kg/day.
What are the typical daily requirements for potassium?
0.5-1mmol/kg/day.
What are the typical daily requirements for chloride?
1mmol/kg/day.
What are the typical daily requirements of glucose?
50-100g.
Which patients may need IV fluids?
Nil by mouth, fluid loss, malfunctioning GI tract, dehydration, abnormal electrolytes.
Which fluids should be given to the following patient? 35 yo, 80kg, admitted with appendicitis, nil by mouth for theatre in 24 hours time.
2.4L, 80ml Cl-, 80ml K+, 80ml Na+, 50-100g glucose => give dextrose x 3L + KCl 40mmol/L x 2.
What causes hypernatraemia and what are the effects?
Loss of free water; causing cell shrinkage; leads to confusion, seizures, coma.
What are the effects of hyponatraemia?
Cerebral oedema if rapid change.
What are the effects of hypokalaemia?
Flacid paralysis and cardiac abnormalities.
What are the effects of hyperkalaemia?
Cardiac arrhythmias, asystole.
