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MOD Exam II > (3) Intro to Neoplasia I (Putthoff) > Flashcards

(3) Intro to Neoplasia I (Putthoff) Flashcards

1
Q

Cancer is the name for all tumors, benign and malignant

A. Yes

B. No

C. It depends

A

Cancer is the name for all tumors, benign and malignant

A. Yes

B. No

C. It depends

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2
Q

Tumors can always be categorized as benign or malignant

A. Yes

B. No

C. Never

A

A. Yes

B. No

C. Never

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3
Q

Cancer is said to be genetic, therefore most cancers are inherited

A. Yes

B. No

C. Never

A

A. Yes

B. No

C. Never

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4
Q

Cancer cells are often said to be immortal, therefore all cells in a malignant clone, are immortal

A. Yes

B. No

A

A. Yes

B. No

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5
Q

Cancer (malignant transformation of cells) occurs (at its common sites, eg lung, breast, colon) from differentiated surface cells.

A. Yes

B. No

C. Sometimes

A

A. Yes

B. No

C. Sometimes

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6
Q

Some benign tumors metastasize

A. Yes

B. No

A

A. Yes

B. No

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7
Q

What is a metastasis?

A

The spread of cancer cells from their primary site (the tissue in which the cancer began) to another site in the body

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8
Q

T/F

Contigous spread does constitute metastasis

A

F

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9
Q

What are the most common sites for cancers to metastasize?

A

LLBB

Liver, lungs, bone and brain

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10
Q

What are examples of some causes of cancer?

A

Genetics

Tobacco

Diet/Physical Activity

Sun/UV exposure

Radiation exposure

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11
Q

What is the most prevalent cancer in males vs females?

A

Males = prostate

Females = breast

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12
Q

What are these samples examples of?

A

Metastatic breast cancer

(Common ductal carcinoma of the breast)

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13
Q

Basic Definitions: Cancer and Neoplasia

Define:

Cancer

A

Generic term for all malignant neoplasms

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14
Q

Basic Definitions: Cancer and Neoplasia

Define:

Neoplasia

A

“New growth or form”

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15
Q

Basic Definitions: Cancer and Neoplasia

Define:

Tumor

A

Used by physicians as a synonym for neoplasia

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16
Q

Basic Definitions: Cancer and Neoplasia

Define:

Oncology

A

Study of tumors (neoplasms)

17
Q

Basic Definitions: Cancer and Neoplasia

Define:

Clonal

A

The entire population of a neoplasm arises from a single cell that has incurred genetic change

I.e., all neoplastic cells are clones of one original altered cell

18
Q

Every time DNA is copied, about ___ random mutations occur

A

3

19
Q

MOST cancers are the result of….

A

Sporadic maligant neoplasm

20
Q

What are the most common primary tumors/cancers in western society?

A

Skin

Lung

Large bowel

Prostate

Breast

21
Q

Cancer occurs from surface cells in the epithelium

A. Yes

B.No

C. Sometimes

A

A. Yes

B.No

C. Sometimes

22
Q
A

E

23
Q

What is this an example of?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

24
Q

Cancers do NOT arise from…

A

De-differentiation of adult cells

25
Q

What are examples of common names of benign tumors?

A

Adenoma

Papilloma

Cystadenofibroma

26
Q

What is the greek derived term used to describe malignant tumors?

A

Sarcomas

27
Q

Malignant tumors arising from blood-forming cells are called…

A

Leukemias

or

Lymphomas

28
Q

What are the three major categories of malignant cancers?

A

Carcinomas

Sarcomas

Blood forming cells

29
Q

What is the most common general category of malignant tumors in US adults?

A

Carcinoma

30
Q

What is this an example of?

A

Mixed tumor

31
Q

What is this an example of?

A

Teratoma

32
Q

What are the two general components of tissue?

A

Parenchyma

Stroma

33
Q

What is the parenchyma?

A

Gives rise to the neoplastic cellular component, it is benign, malignant or “other”

34
Q

What is the stroma?

A

The supportive cellular component

(The tissue “skeleton” upon which (or within which) the parenchymal component resides)

35
Q

What is a gland?

A

A group of cells, frequently arranged around a lumen

The cells are typically specialized to secrete a substance

36
Q

What is cellular “atypia”?

A

Cell has “atypical” structure from normal

Cancerous cells demonstate:

Small cytoplasm

Multiple nuclei

Multiple and large nucleoli

Coarse chromatin

37
Q

Define:

Metaplasia

A

Replacement of one type of cell with another type

38
Q

Define:

Dysplasia

A

Disordered growth

39
Q
A

MOD Exam II (6 decks)

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