3. Intelligence (KEY INFO)

Question 1

According to Cooper (2002) intellectual ability is…

Answer 1

performance on some task that has a substantial information processing component

Question 2

Mayr (1982) identified 2 broad categories of theories of intelligence: _____ (what do they do?) or _____ (what do they do?)

Answer 2

lumpers - conceptualise intelligence as a single entity

splitters - conceptualise intelligence as comprised of different components

Question 3

Spearman (1904) conceptualised intelligence as…

Answer 3

hierarchical and underpinned by ‘g’ (general ability)

Question 4

An important feature of Thurstone’s theory of intelligence is that…

Answer 4

different ‘intelligences’ are regarded as distinct and independent

Question 5

Hakstian and Cattell (1978) types of intelligence

Answer 5

FLUID intelligence: reasoning ability

CRYSTALLISED intelligence: general knowledge of facts and figures

Question 6

An important feature of early research on the measurement of intelligence is that it…

Answer 6

conceptualised it as context-independent (i.e. doesn’t change due to context e.g. culture)

Question 7

Tests of intellectual ability measure…

Answer 7

optimal behaviour

Question 8

More contemporary research on intelligence has shifted to conceptualising intelligent behaviour as…

Answer 8

that which enables the individual to adapt successfully to a range of challenges and demands