3. Instrumentation - Continued

Question 1

name

use

classification

Answer 1

• n: Small Lamina Spreader
• u: self-retaining retractor freeing the assistant to perform duties that may expedite the procedure
• c: self-retaining retractors

Question 2

name

use

classification

Answer 2

• n: Ragnell retractors
• u: to retract delicate tissues during various surgical procedures
• c: retractors

Question 3

name

use

classification

Answer 3

• n: sponge clamp
• u: used to hold a folded gauze sponge during preparation or blotting of the surgical area
  
  • has two opposing circular jaws with transverse serrations
• c: clamp

Question 4

name

use

classification

Answer 4

• n: phalangeal forceps
• u: used for bone manipulation and handling during orthopedic surgeries
• c: traction forceps

Question 5

name

use

classification

Answer 5

• n: Lewin Bone Holding forceps (looks like towel clamp, but MUCH larger)
• u: bone handling.
  
  • ring handles make them ideal for manual operation and secure grip
  • ratcheting function makes it highly adjustable to lock at different widths
• c: bone-reducing forceps

Question 6

name

use

classification

Answer 6

• n: Sesamoid clamp
• u: slight curvature and is used in surgeries in which the sesamoid bone is removed from the base of the toe
• c: traction forceps

Question 7

name

use

classification

Answer 7

• n: Holzheimer retractor, aka Heiss retractor
• u: used for holding back tissue from small or shallow incisions. The 4 x 4 outward curving prongs, which are available blunt or sharp, provide a firm grip on tissue
• c: retractor

Question 8

name

use

classification

Answer 8

• n: Weinraub retractor (and calcaneal spreader)
• u: opening of small joints of the hand and foot for the application of fusion and graft techniques
• c: retractor

Question 9

name

use

classification

Answer 9

• n: key elevator
• u: excellent for rapidly reflecting periosteum from glabrous bony surfaces
  
  • lifting, retracting and dissecting the hard periosteum tissue from its underlying bone structure, in order to expose it and perform other procedures.
  • atraumatic sharp tip
• c: periosteal elevators

Question 10

name

use

classification

Answer 10

• n: Lagenbeck elevator
• u: narrow-blade and broad-blade, for rapidly reflecting periosteum from glabrous bony surfaces
• c: periosteal elevator

Question 11

name

use

classification

Answer 11

• n: Crego elevator
• u: expedite periosteal reflection around curved surfaces such as the talar neck and posterior aspect of the calcaneus
  
  • essential in triple arthrodesis and other hindfoot procedures
• c: periosteal elevator

Question 12

osteotome versus chisel

Answer 12

• chisel: (top)
  
  • one edge beveled
  • used to chip the bone
• osteotome: (bottom)
  
  • both edges are beveled
  • used to cut or divide the bone

Question 13

name

use

classification

Answer 13

• n: McGlamry metatarsal elevator
• u:
  
  • elevate the metatarsal bones during surgery of the foot
  • elevation of plantar soft tissue
  • protect soft tissue during other surgical maneuvers
• c: elevator

Question 14

name

use

classification

Answer 14

• n: Obturator and trephine
• u: Trephines display a circular cutting edge at the tip of a hollow tube that enables the obturator to remove plugs of bone neatly for biopsy, graft procurement, or osseous reduction
• c: trephines

Question 15

name

use

classification

Answer 15

• n: Jamshidi bone marrow biopsy aspiration needles
• u: to remove a sample of tissue from the bone marrow
  
  • needle is inserted through the bone into the bone marrow
  • the syringe is attached to the top to remove the sample or to deliver drugs or fluid into the bone
• c: trephine

Question 16

name

use

classification

Answer 16

• n: Cobb bone curette
• u: gouge out abnormal bone growths and other hard tissues, in order to perform bone debulking procedures
  
  • large ones can be used to remove non-viable tissue
• c: curette

Question 17

name

use

classification

Answer 17

• n: Ringed (uterine) curette
• u: unique in that the shaft of the instrument is malleable, so the cutting portion of the instrument can be placed in areas that are difficult to reach such as the lateral portion of the talonavicular joint when arthrodesis is performed
• c: curette

Question 18

bone reducing forceps,

from left to right

Answer 18

Left –> right; used for maintaining small and medium-sized fragments

• Lewin
• ASIF double-sharp
• ASIF “alligator” small fragment
• ASIF small plate forceps
• ASIF small fragment self-centering clamp

Question 19

name

use

classification

Answer 19

• n: Verbrugge bone holding forceps
• u: for larger fragments encountered in hindfoot and ankle fractures require heavier reduction forceps
• c: large fragment reduction forceps

Question 20

name

use

classification

Answer 20

• n: Lowman bone holding forceps
• u: for large bone fragments, such as those found in hindfoot and ankle fractures
  
  • used to align or grasp the bone
  • used to compress the bone in fracture
• c: large fragment reduction forceps

Question 21

name

use

classification

Answer 21

• n: “baby” Lane
• u: for large bone fragments, such as those found in hindfoot and ankle fractures
  
  • grasping, holding and mobilizing fractured bone pieces, in order to reposition the into their original anatomical alignment
• c: large fragment reduction forceps

Question 22

name

use

classification

Answer 22

• n: Yankauer suction tip
• u: larger size may be necessary in the ankle, leg, or cases without a tourniquet.
• c: suction

Question 23

name

use

classification

Answer 23

• n: Bell rasp
• u: double-ended with two small elliptic rasping surfaces
  
  • to reduce and smooth bony surfaces (after bony prominence has been removed by osteotome/mallet, rongeour, or power saw)
• c: rasps