3. Infectious disorders

Question 1

Sialadenitis can be:

Answer 1

1. Infectious
2. Non-infectious

Question 2

Sialadenitis

Answer 2

Inflammation of the salivary glands that can arise from various infectious and non-infectious causes

Viral infection- Mumps.
Bacterial infections- Commonly arise from ductal obstruction or decreased salivary flow, allowing retrograde spread of bacteria throughout the ductal system.

Causes of ductal obstruction:
- Sialolithiasis
- Congenital structures
- Compression by an adjacent tumor

S. aureus: Is the most common cause of acute bacterial sialadenitis.

Clinical Features:
• Acute bacterial sialadenitis:
-Most common in the parotid gland
-Bilateral in 10-25% of cases
- Affected gland is swollen and painful; overlying skin may be erythematous
- Low-grade fever, trismus, may be present.
- Purulent discharge from the duct orifice when it is massaged.
- Mealtime sweating

Recurrent or persistent ductal obstruction can lead to chronic sialadenitis.

Question 3

1. Infectious

Answer 3

1. Viral
2. Bacterial

Question 4

Mumps

Answer 4

Paramyxo-virus that affects mainly the parotid gland
MMR vaccine
Transmission- Urine, Saliva, Resp droplets
Symptoms: Low grade fever, headache, malaise, anorexia, myalgia
Bilateral glandular enlargement with pain.

Question 5

Bacterial sialadenitis