3. Historical Theories and Approaches Flashcards
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What is the main challenge posed by postmodernism to history?
It challenges the notion of objective historical truth.
How does postmodernism view interpretations of history?
Emphasizes the subjectivity of interpretations.
What is ‘relativism’ in postmodernism?
The idea that multiple valid perspectives exist.
What does ‘deconstruction’ involve in postmodernism?
Analyzing underlying assumptions in historical narratives.
How does postmodernism view history?
As constructed stories or narratives.
What are criticisms of postmodernism regarding objectivity?
It questions the possibility of unbiased history.
What is a concern about postmodernism’s impact on research?
It may neglect empirical evidence.
Who is Hayden White and what did he contribute?
A historian who explored narrative structures in history.
Who is Michel Foucault and what was his focus?
A philosopher who examined power relations and discourse.
How does Marxism view history?
Through the lens of class struggle and economic factors.
What is ‘historical materialism’?
The concept that material conditions shape society.
What is considered the driver of historical change in Marxism?
Class conflict.
What is the debate of determinism vs. agency in Marxism?
Balancing structural forces with individual actions.
What is a potential weakness of Marxist history?
Reductionism or oversimplification of complex events.
