3. Drift

Question 1

Under what conditions is there NO evolution? (Conditions of HWE)

Answer 1

1. No selection (everyone has an equal fitness)
2. No mutation (no new variations)
3. No migration (no gene flow)
4. Large population (genetic drift neglegible)
5. Random mating

Question 2

How to calculate allele frequencies in HWE?

Answer 2

p + q = 1

Question 3

How to calculate genotype frequencies in HWE?

Answer 3

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

Question 4

Genetic drift results from the nature’s ____ ____error, and causes evolution of ____ populations.

Answer 4

random sampling; finite

Question 5

The bottleneck effect

Answer 5

A population forced through a “bottleneck” is likely to lose much genetic variation, especially in small populations

Question 6

The Founder Effect

Answer 6

New populations are often founded by a small number of individuals with different gene frequencies from the original population

Question 7

What is Gene flow?

Answer 7

The flow of genetic variations between populations.

Question 8

Gene flow decreases with increasing ____ ___

Answer 8

Geographic distance

Question 9

Gene flow causes allele frequencies to ____ among populations, and can decrease OR increase ____ variation.

Answer 9

balance; local