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Computer Science > 3 - Communication > Flashcards

3 - Communication Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a packet?

A

A packet is a small segment of a larger message, like a puzzle piece in a large puzzle. Each packet contains all the data, its order in the larger piece of data and also how many characters its supposed to have

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2
Q

What is the Internet?

A

The Internet is a global computer network providing information and communication facilities; consisting of many interconnected networks

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3
Q

Why are packets used?

A

Packets are used to make sending larger files over the internet more effiecient, it also makes sending large files. If a large file gets corrupted you’d have to send the large again, if a packet gets corrupted it’s much easier to resend a packet

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4
Q

How are packets used?

A

The computer breaks up information into little packets and sends these packets over the internet using the most effiecient route

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5
Q

What is an IP address?

A

An IP address is like a digital passsport that allows each device to be differentiated between billions of other devices

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6
Q

What does an IP address identify?

A

IP addresses identify where data originates from and where it should be sent towards

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7
Q

What is the 1st layer of the TCP/IP 5 layer model?

A

The first layer is the Application Layer, the application layer generates the data and requests the connections .

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8
Q

What is the 2nd layer of the TCP/IP 5 layer model?

A

The second layer is the Transport Layer, the Transport Layer establishes the connection with the remote host

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9
Q

What is the 3rd layer of the TCP/IP 5 layer model?

A

The third layer is the Network Layer, the Network Layer is responsible for addressing and routing data.

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10
Q

What is the 4th layer of the TCP/IP 5 layer model?

A

The fourth layer is the Data Link Layer, the Data Link Layer transfers the frame for which the packets will be sent.

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11
Q

What is the 5th layer of the TCP/IP 5 layer model?

A

The fifth and final layer is the Physical Layer, the Physical Layer is the physical connection between two devices, this is often via a CAT6 cable or a wireless connection

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12
Q

Define “Protocol”

A

A Protocol is an agreed format, or set of rules, which allows differing networked devices to communicate.

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13
Q

What does TCP stand for?

A

TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol

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14
Q

What does TCP do?

A

TCP enables communication over the internet

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15
Q

What does HTTP stand for?

A

HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol

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16
Q

What does HTTP do?

A

HTTP transfers web pages from a web server to the users device

17
Q

What does HTTPS stand for?

A

HTTPS stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure

18
Q

What does HTTPS do?

A

HTTPS uses secure encryption to transfer web pages from a web server to the users device

19
Q

What does FTP stand for?

A

FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol

20
Q

What does FTP do?

A

FTP manages the sending of files across a network and over the internet

21
Q

What does SMTP stand for?

A

SMPT stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

22
Q

What does SMTP do?

A

SMPT manages the sending of emails over a network to a mail server

23
Q

What does IMAP stand for?

A

IMAP stands for Internet Message Access Protocol

24
Q

What does IMAP do?

A

IMAP manages the recieving of emails over a network to a mail server

25
Q

What are the 2 extra layers in the OSI model?

A

The 2 extra layers are the Presentation layer and the Session layer

26
Q

What does WAN stand for?

A

WAN stands for Wide Access Network

27
Q

What does LAN stand for?

A

LAN stands for Local access network

28
Q

What are the advantages of a Mesh network topology?

A
  • messages should always get through as they have many possible routes on which to travel
  • new nodes can be added without interruption or interfering with other nodes
  • multiple connections mean each node can transmit to and receive from more than one node at the same time
29
Q

What are the disadvantages of a Mesh network topology?

A

*full mesh networks can be impractical to set up because of the high number of connections needed

*many connections require a lot of maintenance

30
Q

What are the advantages of a Star network topology?

A

*it is very reliable – if one cable or device fails then all the others will continue to work

*it is high-performing as no data collisions can occur

31
Q

What are the disadvantages of a star network topology?

A

*it is expensive to install as this type of network uses the most cable (network cable is expensive)

*extra hardware is required (hubs or switches) which adds to cost

*if a hub or switch fails, all the devices connected to it will have no network connection

32
Q

What are the advantages of a Ring network topology?

A

A ring network can transfer data quickly (even if there are many devices connected) as data only flows one way

33
Q

What are the disadvantages of a Ring netowork topology?

A

If the main cable fails or any device is faulty, then the whole network will fail

34
Q

What are the advantages of a Bus network topology?

A
  • Quick to set up
  • Easy to impliment and add more nodes
  • Uses less cabling than all other networks
35
Q

What are the disadvantages of a bus network topology?

A
  • it can be difficult to find out where an error has occurred
  • as more nodes are added, the performance of the network can be reduced
  • if there is a problem with the main bus cable, the entire network stops working
36
Q

What is DNS?

A

DNS is the Domain Name System, this matches IP
addresses to computer system resources.

37
Q

What is Circuit Switching?

A

A networking technology that provides a dedicated
link between two nodes.
During the connection, no other data can be transmitted along the same route

Computer Science (5 decks)

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