3. Chapter 8 - Growth and Nutrition Flashcards
Arms longer than height suspect..
Marfans Syndrome
Infants weight
Measure the head circumference or head growth until at least 2 years or 3 years of age
Head circumference usually exceeds chest circumference at this age
Weight doubles in 6 months and 3x in one year
Underweight is 5% or less overweight is >95%
Fontanelles
The posterior fontanelle usually closes by age 1 or 2 months. It may already be closed at birth.
The anterior fontanelle usually closes sometime between 9 months and 18 months.
Deficiency of what in vegetarian diet
Protein, Calcium, B12, Vit D
Waist/Hip Ratio
> 1.0 in men or >0.85 in women
Indicate central fat distribution risk for obesity-related disorders and cardiovascular disease
BMI Ranges
< 18.5
18.5 - 24.9
25.0 - 29.9
> 30
Ballard Assessment Tool
Newborn assessment tool
Evaluates physical and neuromuscular characteristics within first 36 hours of birth to establish or confirm the newborns gestational age. Accurate within 2 weeks of birth.
Tanner Stages for Breasts
M1: only nipple raised
M2: budding stage, bud shaped elevation of areola, areola increased in diameter
M3: Breast and areola enlargement no contour separation
M4: Increasing fat deposits, areola forms secondary elevation
M5: areola usually part of breast, strongly pigmented nipple
Tanner Stages of pubic hair in females
P1: no growth of hair
P2: straight scare hair along medial border of labia
P3: Sparse, dark, curly hair of labia
P4: Hair coarse, curly, dark but less than adult
P5: lateral spreading into triangle and onto thighs
P6: Completely full
Tanner Stages of teste/scrotum
G1: scrotum and penis same size
G2: enlargement of scrotum and testes, skin redder and thinner
G3: lengthening of penis, descent of scrotum
G4: enlargement of penis and sculpturing of glands, not quite an adult
G5: penis to bottom of scrotum
Tanner Stages of pubic hair in males
P1: no hair
P2: straight sparce hair at base of penis
P3: curly darker hair at base of penis
P4: adult in type but not extended further than inguinal fold
P5: thighs but not upward
P6: linea alba and upward
Head Circumference / Chest Circumference
Head: Measure until 2-3 years of age
Newborn’s head circumference may be larger than chest 5 months to 2 years, after 2 years chest>head
First signs of sexual maturity
Males- testicular enlargement is the first sign of puberty
Females- most girls begin breast development before pubic hair
Sexual Maturity Rating
Onset of puberty in girls: either breast stage 2 or pubic hair stage 2
Completion of puberty in girls: breast 4, pubic 5
Menarche usually SMR 4 or breast 3/4 (12-13yo)
Ejac SMR 3 semen 3/4
Most girls have breast development first
