3. Building blocks

Question 1

Thiamine (B1)

Answer 1

Aldehyde transfer

TPP

Question 2

Riboflavin (B2)

Answer 2

Redox

FAD

Question 3

Pyridoxine (B6)

Answer 3

Group transfer to/from amino acids

Pyridoxal phosphate

Question 4

Nicotinic acid (niacin, B3)

Answer 4

Redox

NAD+

Question 5

Panthothenic acid

Answer 5

Acyl-group transfer

Coenzyme A

Question 6

Biotin

Answer 6

ATP-dependent carboxylation & carboxyl-group txfr

Biocytin

Question 7

Folic acid

Answer 7

Txfr of 1-carbon components; thymine synthesis

THF

Question 8

B12

Answer 8

Txfr of methyl groups; intramolecular rearrangements

5’-deoxyadenosyl cobalamin

Question 9

Nonpolar, aliphatic AA’s

Answer 9

Glycine, G
Alanine, A
Proline, P
Valine, V
Leucine, L
Isoleucine, I

Found within proteins in hydrophobic env

Question 10

Polar, uncharged AA’s

Answer 10

Asparagine, N
Glutamine, Q
Serine, S
Threonine, T

Found twds surface of water soluble proteins. H-bonding

Question 11

Charged, acidic AA’s (-)

Answer 11

Aspartate, D
Glutamate, E

Negative charge. Important for binding sites

Question 12

Charged, basic AA’s (+)

Answer 12

Arginine, R
Lysine, K
Histidine, H

Important for binding sites

Question 13

Aromatic AA’s

Answer 13

Phenylalanine, F - least polar
Tyrosine, Y
Tryptophan, W

Y & W more polar, can H-bond

Question 14

Sulfur-containing AA’s

Answer 14

Methionine, M
Cysteine, C

Not very H2O-soluble. Can form disulfide bonds (very stable)