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U.S. History > 3 Branches Of Government > Flashcards

3 Branches Of Government Flashcards

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0
Q

Veto

A

Reject a decision or law.

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1
Q

Amendments

A

An addition to the Constitution

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2
Q

Expressed Powers

A

Powers given to congress from the constitution.

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3
Q

Implied powers

A

Congress can make laws to help them execute their duties.

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4
Q

Examples of expressed and implied powers

A

Expressed Powers –> Implied Powers
Collect taxes –> Punish tax evaders
Establish Naturalisation laws–> regulate and limit immigration
Raise an army –> draft Americans into military
Establish post offices –> regulate what can be shipped by mail.

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5
Q

Impeachment

A

To bring charges of wrongdoing against the president or an elected official

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6
Q

Checks and balances

A

Counterbalancing influences so that one branch doesn’t become too powerful. Each branch has specific checks it can perform on the other 2 branches.

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7
Q

Civil cases

A

Relating to the rights of citizens

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8
Q

Criminal cases

A

Relating to a crime

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9
Q

Judicial review

A

The power of the Supreme Court to determine is a law or action of the government is constitutional or not

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10
Q

Appellate jurisdiction

A

Cases start in “lower” courts

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11
Q

Original jurisdiction

A

Case starts in Supreme Court

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12
Q

Congressional committees

A

Groups of representatives and senators assigned to groups of specific areas of expertise.

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13
Q

Article I

A

Legislative branch

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14
Q

Article II

A

Executive branch

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15
Q

Article III

A

Judicial branch

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16
Q

Requirements for representatives

A

Min age: 25 years old
U.S. Citizen for at least 7 years
Live in state they represent
# per state determined by population. MA has 9.

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17
Q

Term lengths and limits for representatives

A

2 year term, no limit.

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18
Q

Requirements for senators

A

Min age: 30
U.S. Citizen for at least 9 years
Live in the state they represent
Each state gets 2 senators

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19
Q

Term lengths and limits for senators

A

6 year term, no limit.

1/3 up for re-election every 2 years.

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20
Q

Requirements for president

A

Be a natural born citizen of USA
Be at least 35 years old
U.S. Resident for 14 years

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21
Q

Term lengths and limits for president

A

Term length = 4 years

Term limit = 2 terms (added 1951, 22nd Amendment)

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22
Q

Requirements for Supreme Court justices

A

No qualifications for who can be a judge. Appointed by president, approved by senate.

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23
Q

Term lengths and limits for Supreme Court justices

A

Lifetime tenure

24
Q

Necessary and proper clause

A

“To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution for the foregoing powers.”
-Article 1, section 8, clause 18
Congress can make laws to help them execute their duties

25
Q

Powers given to congress

A 
Makes laws
Impeachment
Confirm presidential appointments
Impose and collect taxes
Naturalizes citizens
Borrows money
Prints money
Regulate trade
Establishes post offices
Pass copyrights and patents
Declares war
Raise and support armies
26
Q

Power only given to the House of Representatives

A

All bills dealing with taxes or money must start in the house
Impeach the president
Chooses the president if no candidate receives a majority of the electoral vote.

27
Q

Powers only given to the senate

A

Senate must approve all treaties made by the president and approve all presidential appointments (cabinet, federal courts, etc.)
Senate holds a trial for any impeached official (president, judge).

28
Q

Powers given to the president

A

Executing laws
Appointing cabinet members, ambassadors, and judges
Make treaties, conduct diplomacy
Issue executive orders
Authority over military action
Veto power
Grants reprieves and pardons (powers of clemency)

29
Q

7 roles of the president

A 
Chief administrator
Commander in chief
Chief executive
Chief diplomat
Chief of state
Chief of party
Chief legislator
30
Q

Chief administrator

A

Sets the national budget, policies and spending in certain areas.

31
Q

Commander in chief

A

Civilian leader of the military. Can use the military to maintain peace.

32
Q

Chief executive

A

Enforces law through the executive branch, that are passed and established in the U.S.

33
Q

Chief diplomat

A

Conducts foreign policy, holds summits and sets our relationship with other nations.

34
Q

Chief of state

A

Represents the country ceremonially and is the figure for national unity and strength.

35
Q

Chief of party

A

Works to get his party members elected, appoints party members to various positions.

36
Q

Chief legislator

A

Suggest and works for certain bills to be written into law. Must sign any bill before it becomes a law. Can veto any bill.

37
Q

Give the presidential role for the following situation:

The drug enforcement agency is created in 1973 by president Nixon to enforce various drug laws created in congress.

A

Chief executive

38
Q

Give the presidential role for the following situation:

President Roosevelt directs U.S. Military actions in WWII.

A

Commander in chief

39
Q

Give the presidential role for the following situation:

President Cleveland helps dedicate the Washington monument in 1888 in Washington D.C.

A

Chief of state

40
Q

Give the presidential role for the following situation:

In 1978 president Carter leads a summit between Israel and Egypt leading to a peace treaty between those two countries.

A

Chief diplomat

41
Q

Give the presidential role for the following situation:

President George W. Bush vetoes the stem cell research enhancement act of 2005

A

Chief legislator

42
Q

Give the presidential role for the following situation:

In 1995 president Clinton submitted a budget to congress for $1.6 trillion.

A

Chief administrator

43
Q

Give the presidential role for the following situation:

In 2013 president Obama appointed John Kerry to serve as Secretary of State.

A

Chief of party

44
Q

Other members of the executive branch

A

Vice President
Office of the president (chief of staff, press secretary, speech writers)
Cabinet members (department of justice, department of state, etc.)
Federal agencies (environmental protection agency, Central Intelligence Agency)
Many of these positions are appointed by the president and need senate confirmation.

45
Q

How a bill becomes a law

A

1) Legislation may begin in either chamber. Similar proposals are often introduced in both chambers.
2) Measures must pass both the House and the Senate in identical form before being presented to the president.
3) Legislation presented to the president.

46
Q

Structure of the Supreme Court

A

9 judges called justices, no jury.

47
Q

How a case reaches the Supreme Court

A

1) It can work its way from state courts to appellate courts and finally up to Supreme Court (appellate jurisdiction)
2) It can start in the Supreme Court (original jurisdiction)
The Supreme Court gets to decide which cases to take on. Receives about 8000 - 10000 petitions for cases each year. Hears less than 100 cases per year.

48
Q

Leadership position in the House of Representatives.

A 
Speaker of the house (currently John Boehner, Republican, OH)
Top position in house
Elected by house members
2nd in line for presidency
Duties:
Rules over house and keeps order
Decides which laws will be reviewed
Assigns reps to committees.
49
Q

Leadership positions in the senate

A 
Senate president (currently Joe Biden, democrat)
Only votes if there is a tie
Senate president pro-tempore (currently Patrick Laehy, democrat, VT)
Elected by senate
3rd in line for presidency
Duties:
Runs the senate
Decides which bills will be heard
Assigns senators to committees
50
Q

What is the order for the “line of presidency”?

A

After president:
Vice President
Speaker of the House
Senate President Pro-Tempore

51
Q

Checks the Executive Branch has on Legislative Branch

A

Can veto acts of Congress
Can call special sessions of Congress
Can suggest legislation and send messages to Congress

52
Q

Checks the Executive Branch has on the Judicial Branch

A

Appoints Supreme Court justices and other federal judges

Can grant reprieves and pardons

53
Q

Checks the Legislative Branch has on the Executive Branch

A

Can impeach and remove the president
Can override the president’s veto by a two-thirds vote
Controls appropriation of money
Senate can refuse to confirm presidential appointments
Senate can refuse to ratify treaties

54
Q

Checks the Legislative Branch has on the Judicial Branch

A

Can impeach and remove federal judges
Can refuse to confirm judicial appointments
Establishes lower federal courts
Can propose constitutional amendments to overturn court decisions

55
Q

Checks the Judicial Branch has on the Legislative Branch

A

Can declare acts of Congress unconstitutional

56
Q

Checks the Judicial Branch has on the Executive Branch

A

Can declare executive acts unconstitutional

Appointment for life makes judges free from executive control

57
Q

WHEN IS THE U.S. HISTORY TEST?!?!?!?!?!

A

DECEMBER 18th, 2013!!!!!!!!!!

U.S. History (1 decks)

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