3 Blood And Blood Cells

Question 1

Define haemostasis.

Answer 1

Process to decrease bleeding (form clot)

Question 2

What determines blood group?

Answer 2

Molecules on RBC surface

Question 3

Define cooperative binding.

Answer 3

Oxygen binds and opens up structure of Hb

Question 4

Microcytic anaemia. Cause?

Answer 4

Small mcv

Slow and chronic blood loss and of iron

Eg menstruation

Question 5

Macrocytic anaemia.

Answer 5

Large mcv

Reduced division of rbc so fewer and larger

Folic acid deficiency in pregnancy

Question 6

Define humoral immunity.

Answer 6

Antibody mediated

Question 7

Polymorphonuclear granulocytes.

Answer 7

First on scene

Phagocytic

Release inflammatory mediators eg chemotaxins and digestive E

Question 8

B Lymphocytes.

Answer 8

Antibody antigen reactions

Agglutination
Neutralisation
Opsonisation

Form memory cells

Question 11

What do chemotaxins attract?

Answer 11

Macrophages

Question 12

Monocytes.

Answer 12

Become macrophages in tissue
Phagocytic
Secret inflammatory mediators
Stimulate angiogenesis (vessel growth into repairing tissue)

Question 13

Platelets.

Answer 13

Derive from megakaryocytes
No nucleus
Many organelles
Possess surface receptors to collagen of granules for activation eg coagulation cascade in clot/thrombus formation

Question 14

Plasma

Answer 14

Fluid component that carries solids

Exert osmotic pressure to maintain blood volume

Question 15

Serum

Answer 15

Plasma with proteins removed

Question 16

What are memory cells?

Answer 16

Long lived B lymphocytes

Question 17

B or T produced antibodies?

Answer 17

B