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Gerontology > 3+5 > Flashcards

3+5 Flashcards

1
Q

Looking at different groups at the same time

A

Cross Sectional

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2
Q

Groups may be similar

A

Matching

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3
Q

Groups are different and may affect the outcome of the study

A

Cohort Effect

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4
Q

Those who have survived may be different than those who have died

A

Survivor Effect

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5
Q

Same group studied year after year

A

Longitudinal Studies

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6
Q

Researcher has the ability to control one aspect of the study at a time to study only one variable.

A

Clinical (controlled)

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7
Q

The gold standard

A

Randomized Controlled Trial

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8
Q

Age changes must occur in all members to a certain degree.

A

Universal

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9
Q

Age changes must be caused by age and not environmental influences

A

Instrinsic

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10
Q

Age changes must be gradual rather than a specific event

A

Progressive

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11
Q

Age changes may be slow but not able to go back

A

Irreversible

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12
Q

Age changes must lead to loss of function

A

Deleterious

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13
Q

The skin and its accessory organs ____ underlying tissues

A

Protects

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14
Q

The skin and its accessory organs _____ body temperature

A

Regulates

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15
Q

The skin and its accessory organs _____ salt and other waste products.

A

Eliminates

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16
Q

The skin and its accessory organs have ____ _____ which respond to environmental changes such as heat, cold, light touch, pain

A

Sensory Receptors

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17
Q

Most age associated changes are due to ___ exposure

A

Sun

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18
Q

Age associated changes can occur due to _____ _____ which can alter texture of skin.

A

Cigarette Smoking

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19
Q

Age associated changes occur when facial expressions create ____ ____

A

Laugh Lines

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20
Q

Age associated changes demonstrate skin to be more ____, thinner, easier to tear, and rough to the touch.

A

Fragile

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21
Q

Age associated changes less blood circulates making elders feel ____, and they ____ more easily.

A

Cold and Bruise

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22
Q

Age associated changes are also less _________ _____ which makes skin sag

A

Subcutaneous fat

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23
Q

Age associated changes when finger and toe nails grow more slowly they also get _____.

A

Rigid

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24
Q

Age associated changes graying of hair is caused by loss of _____.

A

Pigment

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25
Q

Age associated changes hair loss and change in ____ and thickness of hair.

A

Texture

26
Q

Sun Exposure: when the sun changes on our skin is called ____.

A

Photoaging

27
Q

Sun Exposure: UVA and UVB radiation is _____.

A

Damaging

28
Q

Sun Exposure: Stay out of the sun or use _____ clothing like hats and long sleeves

A

Protective

29
Q

Sun Exposure: _____ 1/2 hour before exposure, reapply, SPF 30 or higher

A

Sunscreen

30
Q

Sun Exposure: Sunscreen may not protect against _____

A

Melanoma

31
Q

This skin condition literally means “itching in old persons”

A

Senile Puritis

32
Q

Senile Puritis: is usually caused by ____

A

Dry Skin

33
Q

Senile Puritis: treatment is _____ baths and lotion

A

Lukewarm

34
Q

Senile Puritis: Underlying causes for ______ may be lice, or mites, fungus, allergies or a chronic disease such as diabetes

A

Dry Skin

35
Q

Senile Puritis: Elders may have ____ ____ around the ankles make the area more susceptible to injury and poor healing.

A

Stasis Dermatitis

36
Q

This skin condition is the most common type of _____ and is caused by total life time, sun exposure, so related to age.

A

Skin Cancer; Cancer

37
Q

____ cell cancer and _____ cell cancer is usually located on face, forearms or shoulders. Both grow slowly and usually treatable.

A

Basal and Squamous

38
Q

Skin cancer: _____ is uncommon but serious.

A

Melanoma

39
Q

Skin Cancer: _____ should be consistently and carefully examined for ABCD.

A

Moles

40
Q

Skin Cancer: For mole examination what does ABCD stand for?

A

Asymmetry, Irregular Border, Uneven Color, and Diameter Greater Than 6mm

41
Q

Bones store _____ and share it other parts of the body

A

Calcium

42
Q

Bone marrow produces ________

A

Red blood cells

43
Q

Strength of bones depends on ______ and _____

A

Genetics and Physical Activity

44
Q

______ muscles produce voluntary actions

A

Skeletal

45
Q

_____ muscles help in the stomach, cardiac muscles are in the heart.

A

Smooth

46
Q

Muscles not in use are called____.

A

Atrophy

47
Q

Age associated changes in the musculoskeletal system: _______ is loss of skeletal muscle mass.

A

Sarcopenia

48
Q

Age associated changes in the musculoskeletal system: Sarcopenia may be due to age or other factors such as _______ ______.

A

Decreased Activity

49
Q

Age associated changes in the musculoskeletal system: __________ diminishes, but exercise can help

A

Muscle Strength

50
Q

Age associated changes in the musculoskeletal system: Less _____ are needed, basal metabolic rate slows.

A

Calories

51
Q

Age associated changes in the musculoskeletal system:Loss of muscles means greater portion of ____.

A

Fat

52
Q

Age associated changes in the musculoskeletal system: joints become less ______ with age

A

Flexible

53
Q

Age associated changes in the musculoskeletal system: Reduction in bone strength and mass make bones more susceptible to _____.

A

Fractures

54
Q

Age associated changes in the musculoskeletal system: _____ lose more bone mass and need to build sufficient amount before maturity.

A

Women

55
Q

Age associated changes in the musculoskeletal system: Increase mass with exercise, calcium, _____ and medications.

A

Vitamin D

56
Q

Age associated changes in the musculoskeletal system: We become _____ with age, poor posture.

A

Shorter

57
Q

These disorders are painful and restrict movement

A

Skeletal Disorders

58
Q

Skeletal Disorders usually appear in ____ and get progressively worse

A

Midlife

59
Q

______ and ______ are the most common skeletal disorders

A

Arthritis and Osteoprosis

60
Q

Skeletal disorder treatment focuses on ____ further degeneration, controlling pain and encouraging independence.

A

Preventing

Gerontology (2 decks)

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