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Question 1

Mandate of Heaven

Answer 1

an ancient Chinese concept stating that the right to rule was granted by the heavens. Because this power was divinely given, there was a direct connection between ruler and the heavens

Question 2

dynasty

Answer 2

a powerful family or group of rulers that maintains its position or power for some time

Question 3

bureaucracy

Answer 3

A system of government in which most important decisions are made by state officials rather then by elected official

Question 4

tributary system

Answer 4

an arrangement where foreign states acknowledge China’s supremacy by offering gifts or tribute

Question 5

Five Pillars of Islam

Answer 5

Muslims believe that Allah requires five duties of the people of Islam. The Five Pillars are Shahada (profession of faith), Salah (prayer), Zakat (almsgiving), Sawm (fasting), and Hajj (pilgrimage).

Question 6

caliph

Answer 6

Caliphs were the political - and to a certain extent religious - successors of Muhammad. The term in Arabic means “deputy.

Question 7

House of Wisdom

Answer 7

major Abbasid public academy and intellectual center in Baghdad

Question 8

sufis

Answer 8

Known as the mystics of the Islamic faith. Sufis contributed greatly to the spread of Islam as their practices seemed practical and adoptable by people in foreign lands experiencing Islam for the first time.

Question 9

Madrasas

Answer 9

Institutions of education dedicated to providing elementary education and religious teachings

Question 10

astrolabes

Answer 10

an instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing the position of the stars and planets

Question 10

Caste system

Answer 10

System in India that gives every Indian a particular place in the social hierarchy from birth. Individuals may improve the position they inherit in the caste system in their next life through their actions, or karma.

Question 10

Henotheism

Answer 10

Henotheism is a religious philosophy that places faith in one supreme deity while acknowledging the existence of multiple deities.

Question 10

rajas

Answer 10

A prince, chief, or ruler in India or the East Indies

Question 11

Mesoamerica

Answer 11

middle america. It encompasses present day Mexico and Most of Central America

Question 12

Olmec

Answer 12

The Olmec were the first major civilization in Mexico. They lived in the tropical lowlands on the Gulf of Mexico in the present-day Mexican states of Veracruz and Tabasco

Question 13

Bantu

Answer 13

The Bantu migration spread the Bantu language from Western Central Africa throughout the continent. This represented one of the greatest migrations of early history, and through this process Bantu influence spread throughout the sub-Saharan region

Question 14

diviners

Answer 14

869-883 C.E. 19. Sub-Saharan Africa. Diviners. An organized class of relgious specialists-individuals who by virtue of their innate abilities had the power to meditate between humanity and supernatural beings

Question 15

kin-based

Answer 15

Instead, communities formed kin-based networks, where families governed. themselves. A male head of the network, a chief, mediated conflicts and dealt.

Question 16

syncretism

Answer 16

when different belief systems fuse to form something new

Question 17

The Crusades

Answer 17

The Crusades were a series of Christian holy wars conducted against infidels—nonbelievers

Question 18

lords and vassals

Answer 18

The social system in medieval Europe where lords gave lands (fiefs) to vassals in exchange for military service and loyalty

Question 19

manors

Answer 19

system that described economic and political relations between landlords and ther peasant laborers during the Middle Ages. It involved a heirarchy of reciprocal obligations that exchanged labor or rents for access to land.

Question 20

serfs

Answer 20

The absence of a strong central authority led many peasants to seek protection on large estates. These peasants became serfs; they had the right to work a portion of the land and could pass that right on to their children, but they could not leave their land.

Question 21

Artisans

Answer 21

Artisans, who made many goods, such as silk, textiles, and porcelain, were required to increase their production rate to sustain the demand for certain goods