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Question 1

Linguistic determination

Answer 1

The idea that the structure of a language determines the thought process of its speakers

Question 2

Linguistic reflectionism

Answer 2

The idea that language reflects the thoughts and ideas of a culture, the opposite of linguistic determinism

Question 3

Linguistic relativity

Answer 3

The idea that the structure of language affects a person’s view of the world, either very directly, as in linguistic determinism, or as a much more indirect and weaker influence.

Question 4

Stereotype

Answer 4

A very generalised opinion or idea about a type of person or group of people. It is a simplified and biased image and often produces negative feelings about those concerned.

Question 5

Political correctness

Answer 5

Avoiding offence to any group of people who may be seen to be at a disadvantage because of their race, gender, disability or any social disadvantages

Question 6

Convergence

Answer 6

When we make our language style similar to those speakers around us

Question 7

Speech communities

Answer 7

Groups of people who use the same variety of language and have a shared understanding of its style

Question 8

Linguistic prestige

Answer 8

The degree of respect and value given to a particular style of language by a speech community

Question 9

Patois

Answer 9

A particular variety of speech used by a group which may be regarded as having low status, not to be confused with Jamaican Patois, which is a language spoken by the majority of Jamaicans and is a combination of an English-based creole language and west African based languages

Question 10

Code switch

Answer 10

Switching between different varieties or registers of language

Question 11

Inclusion

Answer 11

The making of certain people or groups of people to feel that they belong and are valued

Question 12

Exclusion

Answer 12

The making of certain people or groups to feel left out and unimportant