2w051 Module 5 Flashcards
What explosive do we use as the comparison for measuring explosive power?
tnt
What general requirements must material used to manufacture military explosives meet?
Must be cheap, plentiful, and not vital to any other phase of the war effort.
What is the brisance of a military explosive?
The shattering or fragmentation effect.
What term describes the tendency of a substance to produce vapors
Volatility.
What is meant by explosive toxicity?
- An explosive’s poisonous characteristics.
When a military explosive does not react with the metal that encases it or with another explosive, it is said to have what characteristic
- A natural compatibility.
What is hygroscopicity?
- The moisture-absorbing property of an explosive.
What is the autocombustion rate of low explosives?
- A few inches per minute to 1,300 feet per second.
What term do we use to describe the tendency of a substance to burn with a rapid
and sparkling combustion?
Deflagration.
What condition is essential for an explosive to detonate rather than to merely
deflagrate?
- It must be confined.
What are the basic components of an explosive train?
- Detonator, booster, and bursting charge.
What is the relatively small and sensitive initial component that begins the
functioning of the explosive train
Primer.
What are the two means by which we can activate a detonator
- The action of a primer or by a non-explosive impulse.
What is the purpose of a delay in an explosive train
- A delay controls the timed delay in the functioning of the train.
What does an explosive booster do?
- Amplifies the detonation received from the detonator to detonate the main charge.
Which effect of a general-purpose (GP) bomb does the most damage: blast or
fragmentation?
Blast.
What effect causes greater penetration of the explosive charge?
- Munroe effect.
What happens when you increase the standoff distance of an explosive?
- Its penetrating capability is increased.
What are the four factors that control the visibility of pyrotechnics?
- (1) Candlepower.(2) Color.(3) Weather.(4) Light.
How do we classify pyrotechnics?
- According to their purpose as illuminants, signals, combinations of signal and illuminants, and simulators
What type of weather reduces the visibility range of pyrotechnics?
- Moist weather, rain.
What are the two effects of signals?
- Light and smoke.
How can you identify pyrotechnic ammunition?
By its nomenclature, lot number, model designation, painting, marking, national stock
number, and Department of Defense identification code
How does one ignite the AN–MK13 flare?
Pulling on the pull ring removes the soldered closing cap and pulls a brass wire through a
small cup of friction-igniting composition
Which day/night signal is designed to be used with only one hand?
The MK124 Mod 0 and MK124 Mod 1
What is the difference between the A/P 25S-5A and the A/P 25S-5B?
Penetrate a heavy foliage canopy
What is the approximate distance that the M127A1 ground illumination signal propels
from the launcher?
Approximately 20 feet from the launcher
What are the five main assemblies of the M131 ground illumination signal?
(1) Launcher.(2) Igniter.(3) Motor.(4) Delay.(5) Parachute and Illumination composition
What is the M131 signal designed to do?
To produce a distinctive red light above the ground fog, haze, or overcast
Which military weapons do we classify as “small arms”?
Those with a bore diameter (inside diameter of the barrel) of 0.50 inch or less
What terms do we use to describe the measurement of small arms
Gauge and caliber
What is the process we use to determine the shotgun ammunition gauge?
Gauging is the process we use to determine a number value for diameter of the bore; that
is, how many lead balls the same diameter as the gun’s bore equal 1 pound
What color is the tip of an AP bullet painted
Black
Ball ammunition is used against what type of targets
Personnel or light materiel targets.
What is the purpose of tracer rounds
To illuminate the path of the bullets so the gunner can correct his/her aim
What is non-combat ammunition used for?
Training and weapons testing
Which type of round do we use for weapons load training?
Dummy.
What is a small-arms cartridge?
A complete assembly of all components necessary to fire the weapon once
What causes a bullet to spin?
The rifling in the gun barrel
What determines the core/filler of a bullet?
The ammunition’s purpose
What is the term for the recess groove part of the bullet into which the cartridge
case is crimped during assembly
Cannelure
What are the classifications of Air Force grenades
Service, practice, and training
What can functional hand grenades be used for
Inflict casualties or damage and for screening and signaling
What are the tactical classifications of service grenades
Fragmentation, irritant, riot control, screening smoke, signaling smoke, and incendiary
How long does the delay element burn within the fragmentation hand grenades
The delay element burns for 4 to 5 seconds
Why is the base of the M34 grenade tapered
So that the grenade can be mounted on an M1A2 grenade projection adapter
What are the uses of the M25-series grenades
Riot and disturbance control
Why must M34 grenades be stored fuze end up?
To avoid possible leakage of the filler
What are some of the things that you look for in inspecting grenades?
Damaged, rusted, or poorly marked inner or outer containers. Unauthorized fuzes and for
deformed or missing safety pins. Look for leaking or exuding fillers; cracks, damage, or corroded
grenade body or fuze; loose fuze; lot number of fuze or grenade unknown; missing markings
What is the killing agent of the M18A1 antipersonnel mine?
700 steel balls
What is the effective kill range of the M18A1 mine?
100 meters
What safety precaution must you observe with the detonation of a claymore mine?
Personnel up to 100 meters to the sides and rear of these mines should take cover for
protection.
What initiation source do we primarily use to detonate high-explosives (HE)?
Blasting caps.
What is the purpose of the M60 igniter
It is used to light a safety/time fuse
What are the two ways in which blasting caps can be fired?
Electrically or nonelectrically
What is the purpose of the initiator well on the trinitrotoluene (TNT) demo block
Receiving the initiating explosive/charge
What is the purpose of the yellow painted bands covering military safety fuses
To estimate the length for tactical situations, the single bands are designated for 1-minute
lengths and the double bands are designated for 5-minute lengths
What is the rate of detonation for detonating cord
Between 20,000 and 21,000 feet per second
For what do we use a flash vented squib
It is used to ignite pyrotechnic or incendiary compositions or black powder
What is the advantage of military dynamite over commercial dynamite
Military dynamite is safer to store, transport and handle
What is the M1 clip used to hold together
Two strands of detonating cord
What is the purpose of the M1A4 priming adapter
It is used to secure electric or nonelectric blasting caps in a threaded activator well of a
demolition charge
What do we use a galvanometer for
To check electrical circuits and their components
How do we classify bomb fuzes
By their position, action, and method of arming
Name the three main types of fuze action.
(1) Impact.(2) Time.(3) Proximity
What determines the detonation of a proximity fuze?
The bomb reaching the preset height of function above the target
What is the main type of fuze arming?
Electronically timed
What are the most common safety devices found in bomb fuzes?
Seal wires, cotter pins, safety blocks, and the detonator safe feature
What fuze safety device is installed at the time of manufacture?
Safety block
Name at least three different electrical fuzes.
1) FMU–139.(2) FMU–143.(3) FMU–152
Which two fuzes are used by both the Navy and the Air Force?
FMU–139 and FMU–152.
What provides electrical power in the FMU–139 series fuze?
FZU–48 initiator.
What provides electrical power in the FMU–143 series fuze?
FZU–32 initiator
What capability does the FMU–152 series fuze provide
Hardened target capability that provides safing, in-flight cockpit selection, and arming fuzing
functions for general purpose and penetrating, unitary warheads
What can be determined if the gag rod indicator is showing red and protruding from the safety pin housing of an FMU–152 series fuze
That the fuze is armed
What type of sensor is the DSU–33?
Doppler ranging radar proximity sensor
Which tail fuzes are used with the DSU–33?
FMU–139 and FMU–152
Which dispenser(s) uses the FZU–39/B proximity sensor?
The SUU–64/B, SUU–65/B and SUU–66B.
What are the function height settings for the FZU–39/B?
Ranges from 300 to 3,000 feet
What are the combined effects of the MK80 series bombs
Blast, penetration, and fragmentation
Which MK80 series bomb weighs approximately 500 pounds
MK 82 series
Which BLU series bomb uses the MK83 Mod 4 bomb body?
The BLU–110.
How can an MK82 series bomb produce a mining or penetrating effect?
By using delayed action fuze
What is the NEW of the MK84 bomb?
945 pounds
What are penetrator bombs designed to do?
Designed to be used on hardened targets. Examples are HAS, reinforced concrete buildings,
underground command and control facilities, and runways
What are the four penetrator bombs the Air Force uses?
1) BLU–109 series.(2) BLU–113 series.(3) BLU–118 series.(4) BLU–122 series
What is the BLU–109/B penetrator bomb capable of doing?
It can penetrate 4 to 6 feet of reinforced concrete
Which penetrator has the case constructed of modified HP9420 alloy steel?
BLU–113
Which penetrator is used as the warhead for the GBU–28 A/B, GBU–28 B/B, and GBU–28E/B?
BLU–113
What penetrator bomb is designed to be more lethal in confined spaces?
BLU–118
What is the payload of the M129 series bomb
8 to 10 leaflet rolls
What bomb was developed to drop leaflets from the SUU-76C/B dispenser
PDU–5/B
The BLU–126/B LCDB designed to be used in what type of situations?
Situations where friendly forces and/or civilians are close to the target
What is the NEW of the BLU–126/B LCDB?
27 pounds.
Why are practice bombs used instead of regular live bombs during training?
To provide low-cost target practice for the flight crews of fighter and bomber aircraft and also
used by the ground crew for identifying, assembling, fuzing, and bomb handling training
When would you use the CXU–3A/B spotting charge?
When the danger of starting brush or forest fires is high
How many and what type of submunitions are loaded in a CBU–105?
10 each BLU–108/B submunitions
The CBU–105 series is designed for what type of target?
Tanks and armored support vehicles
How does a BLU–108 submunition device destroy a detected target?
Fires an explosive forged penetrating projectile at the target
Which CBU series is considered to be wind-corrected munitions?
CBU–103, CBU–104, and CBU–105
How does the WCMD function?
The WCMD tail kit provides guidance and navigation during free flight. Correction for wind
effects, ballistics dispersion and launch transients for munitions delivered from high altitude are
communicated with the carrier aircraft prior to weapon separation. The control actuation
assembly cants the fins to spin the dispenser during flight.
How is an API round initiated
On impact.
How are 20 mm cartridges classified?
According to their purpose
What is the semi-armor piercing, high-explosive and incendiary PGU-28 series round used for?
Aircraft and light materiel targets
What are the combat effects of a HEI round?
It is a combined explosive and incendiary effect.
Name two uses for 20 mm dummy ammunition.
(1) Testing feeder assemblies.(2) Drill/familiarization
The 20 mm cartridge case is usually made of what material?
Brass (M103) and Steel (M103A1
What is the purpose of the bourrelet
It acts as a forward-bearing surface to prevent the projectile from wobbling as it passes
through the bore
What do the other chemicals in double-base propellant do
They minimize smoke and flash, increase stability, and permit uniform loading during
manufacture.
Which 20 mm round requires a fuze to detonate the projectile
The HEI round.
What is the safety feature of the M505 fuze
The fuze is bore safe
How can we identify 20 mm ammunition
By model number, lot number, and manufacturer’s symbol, all of which are marked or
stamped on the side of the projectile
What container are 20 mm rounds stored in
The M548 container (linkless or linked belt).
What Air Force aircraft fires the 25 mm round
The F-35 Joint Strike Fighter.
What is 25 mm PGU–23/U ammunition used for?
Target practice for pilot proficiency training
What does the PGU–25 series high-explosive incendiary round consist of
steel cartridge case, an M115 percussion primer, an ignition booster, a projectile, and an
M505 series fuze
What is 25 mm cartridge case made of
Steel
A functioning M115 percussion primer is used with which 25 mm round(s)?
All 25 mm rounds except for dummy rounds
What fuze is used in the 25 mm HEI round
M505 series
What markings can you find on the cartridge case of 25 mm ammunition
Model number, type, and lot number
What are 25 mm rounds packaged into for storage
CNU–405/E ammunition shipping and storage containers.
How do we classify 30 mm ammunition
According to its purpose.
PGU–15 ammunition is used for what purpose
Pilot training, weapon testing, and aircraft system checkout
What impact fuze is used on the 30 mm HEI round
M505A3.
What are the two purposes of the fumer charge in the APIT rounds
(1) Reduce air drag during flight to the target.(2) To give a visible trace of the flight path
What does the projectile retaining screw in the PGU–16 series dummy round do
It holds the projectile in the cartridge and simulates the weight of the propellant and the
center of gravity of the round
The 30 mm cartridge case is made of what material
Aluminum
What type of propellant does the 30 mm round use
The high-pressure gases it produces as it burns drive the projectile out of the gun barrel
How can you identify 30 mm ammunition
By its model number, lot number, part number, and color coding
What color(s) are 30 mm API and APIT rounds painted
Both rounds have a black projectile with a red band and white markings
How are 30 mm dummy rounds identified
Bronze or gold projectile with black markings
How are USAF 105 mm rounds classified
As fixed complete rounds depending on their use/function
What are some uses for the 105 mm HE round
Conventional fire support for harassment and interdiction, fragmentation, mining, and blast
effect.
What point detonating fuze is used with the PGU–44/B
FMU–153
If the proximity mode fails, how does the FMU–160/B fuze detonate
By impact (point detonating backup
What is the NEW of the PGU–43/B TP round
0.3 pound TNT supplementary charge
What round is designed to remove a projectile lodged in the bore of a 105 mm
cannon
The 105 mm clearing round.
When are mechanically-operated initiators fired
When the initiator pin is withdrawn by a force of 12 to 35 pounds
Once an initiator supplies the pressure needed for the firing mechanism, what jobs
can thrusters perform?
Position ejection seats, stow control columns, and open the canopy or escape hatch locks
Name three examples of a CAD.
(1) Initiators.(2) Thrusters.(3) Catapults
What are catapults specifically designed to do
Eject the pilot’s seat and the pilot from an aircraft under emergency situations
What do removers do
Jettison the canopy forcibly from the aircraft.
What is a propellant-actuated device (PAD)?
A device that uses a propellant that is an integral part of the device to provide a source of
gas pressure to perform its intended function
What are impulse cartridges used for?
To furnish explosive power to separate munitions, fuel tanks, launchers, dispensers, racks,
etc., from an aircraft.
