2nd Year Revision Chapter 23,6 and 24 Flashcards
Explain the term physical landscape
Natural features such as bodies of waters mountains or flat lands
List 4 factors that influence the physical landscape
Climate
Human Acitvity
Relief/ height/slope
Soils
Define Primary Economic Activity
Those in which people can get natural resources from the land or sea
What is Pastoral Farming
The farming of animals eg dairy or raising sheep
What is arable farming
Growing crops in fields
What is Mixed Farming
Both growing crop and animal farming
What are energy sources
Finite and infinite sources of energy that can be used to produce heat, make electricity or move objects depending on what it’s used for
List three types of non-renewable energy
Peat
Coal
Gas
List three types of renewable energy
Wind energy
Tidal energy
Solar power
How does acid rain occur (3 steps)
- Acidic gases such as sulphur dioxide are realised into the atmosphere
- Gases are carried by the wind
- Gases dissolved in rain water form acid rain
What damages occur after Acid Rain falls
Acid rain kills plant life contaminates rivers and erodes stonework
Describe how Solar Energy is obtained and discuss an economic, social and economic benefits. Give one disadvantages
The heat and light from the sun is converted into other forms of energy using solar power. Environmental - solar panels eliminate the need to use gas and oil boilers which in turn reduces Co2 emissions. Solar panels creat jobs - economic and reduces the electricity bill cost which in turn helps get a better standard of living. Disadvantage - it’s not able to work at night
Describe how Wind Power is obtained, list the environmental, social and economic benefits of this renewable energy and name on disadvantages
Wind Power is the use of airflow through wind turbines to power generators to create electricity. Environmental - Wind Energy is renewable and clean energy. Economic - creates jobs in the construction industry Social - the industry of harnessing wind has create jobs in the construction industry causing a better quality of living for some people Disadvantages - noise pollution
Describe how Geothermal Energy is obtained and discuss an economic, social and economic benefits. Give one disadvantages
Shallow Geothermal Energy is a sustainable system of extracting her from the ground and using it to supply heat and water. It is still in early development in Ireland. Environmental - It does not produce atmospheric emissions and its very clean and environmental friendly it has the same social as Solar Power and a disadvantage is it’s location restricted
What is the difference between a raised and a blanket bog
Raised bogs contain deeper deposited while blanket bogs are generally shallower. Blanket bogs are mainly exploited by individuals but Raised bogs are exploited mainly by Bord na Mona
Explain the process of harvesting the bog mention the machinery used
- A special drainage machinery called a ditcher has been developed
- Graders then level out the bog surfaces
- When the surface has been levelled, heavy tractors lay down railway tracks across the bog
- Most peat is now harvested using a miller
- The milled peat is turned over by a harrow
- It is gathered into small ridges by Rodger’s and later into larger by harvesters
Define sustainable exploitation
Making use of and benefitting from resources (eg. Water, fish, forestry,soil)
What is drought
When there is a long period of time without enough rainfall
Define irrigation
Irrigation is the transport of water from one area that has plentiful supply to another that has low levels of rainfall or cannot access water easily
Give an example of a country outside Ireland sustainably exploiting a natural resource
New Zealand Irrigation
Needed because the farmland and population has increase and they had experienced drought for a period and though New Zealand has plentiful water it doesn’t all fall in the same spot
The water is transported through a 56km canal from the Waimaikariri and Rakaia rivers. The system runs well because it is a well run system, it is planned and timed and records are kept
Describe four different ways which cause over fishing
Improved ships - store fish more easily
Improves technology - find fish more easily
Motorised winch cranes - can haul in huge nets of fish
Monofilament nets - are hard for fish to see
What is Aquaculture
The breeding and harvesting and revering of animals and plants in water fish farm is most common
Describe 4 ways in which fish stocks can be sustainably exploited
- Ensure fish trawlers only fish there only waters
- Reduce the amount of fish allowed to be caught
- Reducing super trawlers allowed at sea
- Restricting fishing of certain types of fish in certain periods of the year
Explain the environmental, economical and social benefits of fish farming
Environmental - helped the fish start to recover and repopulate
Economic - fishing is worth 100 of millions to Irelands economy
Socially - employment in Fish farming and aquaculture provides income for many people
