2nd Year Revision Chapter 23,6 and 24

Question 1

Explain the term physical landscape

Answer 1

Natural features such as bodies of waters mountains or flat lands

Question 2

List 4 factors that influence the physical landscape

Answer 2

Climate
Human Acitvity
Relief/ height/slope
Soils

Question 3

Define Primary Economic Activity

Answer 3

Those in which people can get natural resources from the land or sea

Question 4

What is Pastoral Farming

Answer 4

The farming of animals eg dairy or raising sheep

Question 5

What is arable farming

Answer 5

Growing crops in fields

Question 6

What is Mixed Farming

Answer 6

Both growing crop and animal farming

Question 7

What are energy sources

Answer 7

Finite and infinite sources of energy that can be used to produce heat, make electricity or move objects depending on what it’s used for

Question 8

List three types of non-renewable energy

Answer 8

Peat
Coal
Gas

Question 9

List three types of renewable energy

Answer 9

Wind energy
Tidal energy
Solar power

Question 10

How does acid rain occur (3 steps)

Answer 10

1. Acidic gases such as sulphur dioxide are realised into the atmosphere
2. Gases are carried by the wind
3. Gases dissolved in rain water form acid rain

Question 11

What damages occur after Acid Rain falls

Answer 11

Acid rain kills plant life contaminates rivers and erodes stonework

Question 12

Describe how Solar Energy is obtained and discuss an economic, social and economic benefits. Give one disadvantages

Answer 12

The heat and light from the sun is converted into other forms of energy using solar power. Environmental - solar panels eliminate the need to use gas and oil boilers which in turn reduces Co2 emissions. Solar panels creat jobs - economic and reduces the electricity bill cost which in turn helps get a better standard of living. Disadvantage - it’s not able to work at night

Question 13

Describe how Wind Power is obtained, list the environmental, social and economic benefits of this renewable energy and name on disadvantages

Answer 13

Wind Power is the use of airflow through wind turbines to power generators to create electricity. Environmental - Wind Energy is renewable and clean energy. Economic - creates jobs in the construction industry Social - the industry of harnessing wind has create jobs in the construction industry causing a better quality of living for some people Disadvantages - noise pollution

Question 14

Describe how Geothermal Energy is obtained and discuss an economic, social and economic benefits. Give one disadvantages

Answer 14

Shallow Geothermal Energy is a sustainable system of extracting her from the ground and using it to supply heat and water. It is still in early development in Ireland. Environmental - It does not produce atmospheric emissions and its very clean and environmental friendly it has the same social as Solar Power and a disadvantage is it’s location restricted

Question 15

What is the difference between a raised and a blanket bog

Answer 15

Raised bogs contain deeper deposited while blanket bogs are generally shallower. Blanket bogs are mainly exploited by individuals but Raised bogs are exploited mainly by Bord na Mona

Question 16

Explain the process of harvesting the bog mention the machinery used

Answer 16

1. A special drainage machinery called a ditcher has been developed
2. Graders then level out the bog surfaces
3. When the surface has been levelled, heavy tractors lay down railway tracks across the bog
4. Most peat is now harvested using a miller
5. The milled peat is turned over by a harrow
6. It is gathered into small ridges by Rodger’s and later into larger by harvesters

Question 17

Define sustainable exploitation

Answer 17

Making use of and benefitting from resources (eg. Water, fish, forestry,soil)

Question 18

What is drought

Answer 18

When there is a long period of time without enough rainfall

Question 19

Define irrigation

Answer 19

Irrigation is the transport of water from one area that has plentiful supply to another that has low levels of rainfall or cannot access water easily

Question 20

Give an example of a country outside Ireland sustainably exploiting a natural resource

Answer 20

New Zealand Irrigation
Needed because the farmland and population has increase and they had experienced drought for a period and though New Zealand has plentiful water it doesn’t all fall in the same spot
The water is transported through a 56km canal from the Waimaikariri and Rakaia rivers. The system runs well because it is a well run system, it is planned and timed and records are kept

Question 21

Describe four different ways which cause over fishing

Answer 21

Improved ships - store fish more easily
Improves technology - find fish more easily
Motorised winch cranes - can haul in huge nets of fish
Monofilament nets - are hard for fish to see

Question 22

What is Aquaculture

Answer 22

The breeding and harvesting and revering of animals and plants in water fish farm is most common

Question 23

Describe 4 ways in which fish stocks can be sustainably exploited

Answer 23

1. Ensure fish trawlers only fish there only waters
2. Reduce the amount of fish allowed to be caught
3. Reducing super trawlers allowed at sea
4. Restricting fishing of certain types of fish in certain periods of the year

Question 24

Explain the environmental, economical and social benefits of fish farming

Answer 24

Environmental - helped the fish start to recover and repopulate
Economic - fishing is worth 100 of millions to Irelands economy
Socially - employment in Fish farming and aquaculture provides income for many people

Question 25

What is illegal deforestation

Answer 25

When trees are harvested or cut down for profit but have not been given permission from the owner of the forest

Question 26

What organisation helps forests be exploited sustainably in Ireland and how

Answer 26

Coillte is an organisation that owns 7 percent of land in Ireland. Coillte makes sure the forestry in Ireland is a sustainable way

Question 27

What method does this organisation use

Answer 27

Sapling (young trees) are planted
When forests reach a young age (0-15) they are used for human activities such as cycling and running
Middle age forest (15-55 years) are used for cutting down trees
Old age (50+ years) cut down completely

Question 28

What does BMW stand for to describe the BMW region of Ireland

Answer 28

Border, Midland, Western region