2nd test Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three different drug names

A
  1. chemical name
  2. approved name
  3. licensed, brand, trade or properietary name
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2
Q

What is the use of the chemical name on prescriptions?

A

Rarely used

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3
Q

What is the use of the approved name in prescriptions and give examples that describes what approved name is

A

it is used for prescribing official and prepared medicines

ex. British approved names (BAN)

United states approved names (USAN)

international non-proprietary names (rINN)

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4
Q

What is the use of licensed, brand, trade or proprietary name?

A

used for prescribing authorised medicines

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5
Q

Who gives the approved names?

A

Pharmacopoeia comission

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6
Q

Who gives the licensed, bran, trade or proprietary name?

A

manufacturers, can differ from the chemical name

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7
Q

Schedule 2 +3 drugs

How should it be written?

A

should be written indelible and the signature must be in ink or electronic

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8
Q

schedule 2 and 3 drugs

list 7 points of information that must be included in the prescription

A
  • Name and address of the owner
  • date on which the prescription was signes
  • name, form and strength of the preparation
  • total quantity of the number of dosage units in both words and figures
  • dose to be administered
  • prescriber’s signature, qualification and RCVS registration number
  • animal or herd under the vet’s care
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9
Q

Schdule 2+3 drugs

What are the rules concerning the signature

For how long is the prescription valid

and the rules about repeats

A

Signature: no latinisation or abbreviation

The prescription is valid for 28 days

Repeat presriptions are not permitted

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10
Q

What must the label include of dispensed veterinary medicines

A
  • name + address of the owner and veterinarian
  • date of dispensing
  • “for external use only” if only for topical use
  • the relecant withdrawal period
  • for what animals it should not be given too, due to drugs: aspirin
  • “for animal treatment only” unless the container or package is too small
  • “keep out of reach for children”
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11
Q

What is MFS?

A

medicated feeding stuff prescriptions

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12
Q

Who does the regulation of MFS apply to?

A

anyone who incorporates a medicated product of any description in an animal feeding stuff

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13
Q

Who does the MFS not affect?

A

companion animal owner administering a medical product mixed in the feed

or

farmer “top dressing” feed or medicating via the drinking water

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14
Q

What does the regulations (MFS) require from the manufacturers and distributors who adds medicines to feed?

A

it requires them to register with the royal pharmaceutical society of great britain (RPSGB)

or

the Department of Agriculture and Rural development for Northern Ireland (DARD for NI)

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15
Q

How many copies of MFS prescriptions are required?

A

Three copies

The compounder

the farmer

the veterinarian

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16
Q

How long is a MFS prescription valid?

A

3 months or shorter if indicated in the prescription

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17
Q

When and by who can medicines be incorporated into the feed?

A

by an appropriately registered person, if the product has a relevant product license or and animal test certificate

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18
Q

All the MFS should follow a specified format, what is needed?

A
  • the name and address of the person prescribing the product
  • the qualifications enabling the person to prescribe the product
  • the anem and address of the keeper of the animals to be treated
  • the species of animal, identification and muber of the animals
  • the premises at which the animal is kept if this is different from the address of the keeper
  • the date of the prescription
  • the signature or other authentication of the person prescribing the product
  • the name and amount of the product prescribed
  • the dosage and administration instructions
  • any necessary warnings
  • WP
  • the manufacturer or the distributor of the feedingstuffs
  • if the validity exceeds one month, a statement that not more than 31 days’ supply may be provided at any time
  • the name, type and quantity of feedingstuff to be used
  • the inclusion rate of the veterinary medicinal product and the resulting inclusion rate of the active substance
  • any special instructions
  • the percentage of the prescribed feedingsstuffs to be added to the daily ration
  • if it is prescribed under the cascade, a statement to that effect
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19
Q

What is meant when the dosage is divided?

A

the average of one dose is put into one unit (capsule)

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20
Q

What is meant when the dose is non-divided

A

one unit, the dosage is often a tablespoon or a handfull

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21
Q

What is needed in powders for external use?

A

the active substance: antibiotics, antiseptic

and

a binder: talcum, zinc oxide

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22
Q

What are the categories for powders for internal use?

A
  • water soulble powder
  • powder for in-feed use
  • powder for oral solution and suspension
  • for direct administration
23
Q

What is the composition of powders for internal use?

A

Active substance

binder: lactose, sorbit, glucose, bran flour, cereal flour, starch, rice

24
Q

What is meant by dividation?

A

divide in dose aequales No

less precise, quicker

25
What is meant by dispensation
dentur tales doses No more precise, slower
26
What is the usage of granules?
Farm animals: mixed in feed or drinking water Small animlas, human: for solution or mixed in feed
27
What is the composition of granules?
active substance Binder: saccharose, lactose Adhesive: purified water, ethanol, methylcellulose Coating: if needed
28
What are the advantages of granules?
either the release can be quick, with fast decomposition or/and later release with a drug of another peak concentration, which will not decompose for hours after dosing less frequent readministration
29
What is a medicated premix used for?
it is used for preparing medicated feeding stuff
30
What are some feed supplements?
microelements, vitamins, prebiotic
31
What is the usage of premixes?
Per os: in small and large scale production powder, granulated, liwuid homogenous mixing
32
What is the composition of premix?
Active substance * medicated premix: drugs (AB, antiparasitic aggents etc) * feed supplements: microelements, vitamins, prebiotics, probiotics Binder * similar to feed * no nutritional value, cereal flour, wheat bran * indifferent: silicates
33
What is the usage of capsules
pre os, without chewing only for individual treatment small animal medicine
34
Soft capsule
Earlier: gelatine + sugar + glycerol + water nowadays: synthetic polimers, thicker walls
35
Hard capsule
Earlier: gelatine + sugar + water, dissolves in gastric fluid, approx 15 min disintegration
36
Gastro-resistant capsule
soft + hard film coated tablets methacrylate coating
37
What is the most precise divided form?
tablets
38
how can tablets be administered?
Per os intrauterine intravaginal for preparing solutions
39
Composition of tablets
active substance binder adhesive lubricant coloring - flavouring agent
40
Coating of tablets?
dragees, fim coated for substances that irritates the stomach or dissolve there TiO2 - protection from light
41
Modified release tablets
insoluable matrix * single administration * chronic heart failure soluble matrix * osmotically active pores in the tablet * OROS
42
43
What is intraruminal bolus and in which way are they releasing
large tablets given to ruminants modified release sustained release pulse release ex: ketosis or parasitic control lasts for long period
44
Packaging
usually plastic or aluminium foil and paper box
45
What is the useage of herbal tea?
per os topically: for washing wounds
46
what is meant by infusion, herbal tea?
essential oils, substances that are easily dissolved inactivation when expressed to permenent hot temperature
47
What is meant by decoction?
sbstances that are difficult to extract - like tannic acid
48
What is meant by maceration?
soaking luke warm, 1 day to filtrate, heat sensitive substances
49
What is the composition of herbal tea?
active substances with mild effect herbal parts ocasionally: effect enhancer chemiclas - potassium sodium tartrate for laxtaive herbal tea
50
What is the usage of transdermal patches, implant?
continous, prolonged release
51
What is the usage of transdermal patches?
drugs with excellent dermal absorption systemic effects, such as analgesic
52
What is the usage of subdermal implants?
frequently used oestrus synchronisation deslorelin: GnRH, chemically sterilize male, off label cat+ferrets, reversible: gets back the male function
53
Collars and eartags as medicine?
antiparasitic, prescription is usually not required
54
Vaginal delivery systems usage, pros and cons
oestrus synchronisation horses dont tolerate it might fall out