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Science > 2nd Semester Final > Flashcards

2nd Semester Final Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Give an example of a transverse wave and describe the different parts of the wave

A

ripples on water, parts of wave Amplitude, Wavelength, Frequency, crest, trough

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2
Q

Give an example of a compressional wave and describe the parts of the wave.

A

Sound wave, the parts are, compressions, rarefactions, Frequency, and wavelength

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3
Q

The sun shines through a light rain creating a rainbow. What property of light waves is being demonstrated.

A

It is the property of reflection because the light goes through the water then the light comes out of the water droplets and it comes out in all the colors of the rainbow

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4
Q

Explain how the wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to the amount of energy in a wave.

A

The shorter the wave length the higher the frequency the higher the energy in the wave

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5
Q

You are standing in a large empty building and as you talk you can hear your voice return to you after a second or two. What property of waves is being demonstrated. Explain your answer.

A

Sound waves, when you talk your voice hits a wall and reflects all around it will hit one wall then hit another and it will come back to you after 2 seconds.

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6
Q

What property of the sun controls the orbits of the planets?

A

Gravity, becAuse there is no other source in our solar system that can pull them out of that gravitational pull from the sun

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7
Q

The inner four planets of our solar system are described by what term?

A

Terrestrial planets

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8
Q

Place the planets in the correct order with the planet closest to the sun rst.

A

Mercury, Venus, earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto

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9
Q

The orbits of most planets are what shape?

A

Elliptical

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10
Q

Objects in galaxies are held together by _______

A

Gravity

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11
Q

What occurs during a lunar eclipse?

A

The moon passes through the earth shadow

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12
Q

What phase of the moon does a lunar eclipse occur during?

A

Full moon

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13
Q

Know the phases of the moon by its place in orbit

A

New moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, third quarter, waning crescent

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14
Q

When the illuminated part of the moon appears to get smaller each night, the phases are said to be ___.

A

Waning

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15
Q

When the visible part of the moon increases each night, the moon is said to be ___.

A

Waxing

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16
Q

The average daily temperature in the northern hemisphere is coldest when ______.

A

When the Southern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun

17
Q

Because the sun’s rays strike different parts of the Earth at different angles throughout the year, we have ______.

A

Solstice’s

18
Q

The seasons are the result of the ______ tilt of the earths ____ as it orbits the sun

A

23.5 degree, axis

19
Q

As the Earth revolves around the sun the Earth’s axis _________.

A

Does not move

20
Q

When is Earth’s axis tilted neither toward nor away from the sun?

A

The Equinox

21
Q

At the start of what season is the sun lowest in the sky?

A

Winter.

22
Q

What is true about the Moon’s rotation?

A

The moon orbits the Earth once every 27.322 days. It also takes approximately 27 days for the moon to rotate once on its axis. As a result, the moon does not seem to be spinning but appears to observers from Earth to be keeping almost perfectly still.

23
Q

When the northern hemisphere is experiencing winter the souther hemisphere is experiencing____.

A

Summer

24
Q

A scientist observes the same crators on the surface of the moon everyday because ____.

A

There is no wether on the moon

25
Q

What is the darkest part of the shadow called?

A

Umbra

26
Q

The lighter part of the shadow is called the _______.

A

Penumbra

27
Q

Why do we not have an eclipse every new and full moon?

A

Because the moons orbit has a five degree tilt

28
Q

How many tides occur in a 24 hour period?

A

4

29
Q

Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the ___.

A

Moon

30
Q

How many high tides occur in a 24 hour period?

A

2

31
Q

What type of tides occurs when the high tides are highest and the low tides are lowest?

A

Spring tides

32
Q

Analog waves can carry more data than digital waves. True or False

A

True

33
Q

Analog wave are better for transmitting data because they do not degrade. True or False

A

True

34
Q

Describe the difference between mechanical and electromagnetic waves

A

Electromagnetic waves are waves that have no medium to travel whereas mechanical waves need a medium for its transmission.

35
Q

Know the methods to find the wavelength, frequency or speed of a wave

A

Wavelength= speed divided by frequency

Frequency= speed divided by wavelength

Speed= wavelength x frequency

36
Q

Know the units for speed, frequency, and wavelength.

A

V= lambda x f

Lambda= v/f

F= v/lambda

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