2nd sem: Spinal reflexes/nerves/muscle tone Flashcards
GSA/GSS carry what kind of impulses?
carry exteroceptive information [sensory endings: proprioception sa muscle, tendons, joints]
What receptors are associated with GSA/GSS?
receptors that mediate pain, touch, temperature
GSE/GSM carry impulses from _______ in lamina XI of spinal cord
motor fibers from cell bodies (alpha, beta, gamma motor neurons) in
GVA/GVS [Visceral-Afferent & Visceral-Sensory] carry sensory impulses from
receptors in visceral structures [within body cavities: smooth & cardiac muscles and glands]
_____ consists of pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic autonomic fibers. It innervates smooth & cardiac muscles. also, regulated glandular secretion.
GVE/GVM [General visceral efferent/General visceral motor]
It involves 2 neurons only.
1 afferent: 1 efferent
MONOsynaptic [ex. deep tendon reflex: knee jerk]
It involves MORE than 2 neurons involved.
POLYsynaptic [ex. Flexor - crossed extensor reflex]
NAME ALL PAIN RECEPTORS! GO!
PSYCH! ISA LANG SIYA.
capsulated free nerve endings. CAPSULATED YAN.
NAME ALL TOUCH RECEPTORS! HAZZAH!
Merkel’s tactile discs
Meissner’s corpuscle
Hair follicle nerve endings
[Miss Mo na Hawakan?]
GREAT JOB! NAME ALL PRESSURE RECEPTORS! GO!
Pacinian corpuscle
Golgi mazzoni corpuscles
[Parental Guidance is adviced? ka-Pressure naman.]
NAME ALL TEMPERATURE RECEPTORS! kaya mo yan!
Krausse end bulb (santa krausse -> galing north pole -> malamig) for cold temp
Rufinni’s corpuscle (roofie drugs -> date drug -> pampainit ng katawan) for hot temp
Single action potentials from Meissner’s corpuscle, Pacinian corpuscle and Ruffini ending afferents are directly linked _________.
to muscle activation
GREAT! NAME ALL STRECTH RECEPTORS! GOOO!
Muscle spindles
Tendon spindles
QUICK! what spinal reflex would lead to LOCALIZED vasoconstriction when there is ice applied on the skin?
Somato-Visceral Spinal Reflex [SV]
receptor na involved: si santa KRAUSSE (somatic)
effector: contraction ng smooth muscle of wllas of bloo vessels [Visceral]
GANYAN DAPAT SUMAGOT. WOW
How about the spinal reflex activated for inflammation of the APPENDIX followed by CONTRACTION of the abdominal muscles?
dami ng clues diba.. Visceral-Somatic spinal reflex [VS]
ano ba location of sensory nerve ending: sa APPENDIX (visceral)
location nung motor ending: abdominal muscle (somatic)
Paano kapag iihi ka or tatae ka? ano spinal reflex yun?
VISCERO-VISCERAL spinal reflex [VV]
NAIIHI KA NA BA? bladder filling (visceral) -> contraction of detrussor muscles (visceral)
DEFACATION! distention of rectum/stimulation of rectal muscosa (visceral) -> causes contraction of rectal musculature (visceral)
ang muscle reflex/myotatic reflex ba ay controlled ng higher control center? Contraction of a muscle in response to a stretch.
NO. kasi hanggang sa spinal cord lang siya.
components of intrafusal fiber?
nuclear bag and chain
Where is the nuclear bag attached?
it extends beyond the capsule at each end, to be attached to the endomysium of extrafusal fibers
Annulospiral Endings
at EQUATOR of intrafusal fibers
LARGE, myelinated, pierces through the capsule, lose its myelin sheath
naked axons LOOPS SPIRALLY around nuclear bag or chain
Flower spray endings
sa CLEAR chain fibers AWAY from equator
SMALLER, myelinated, pierces through capsule, lsoe myelin sheath
naked axons branches, ending in VARICOSITIES
associated with NUCLEAR CHAIN fibers lang
Extrafusal fibers: alpha 1 motor fibers
Intrafusal fibers: ____
gamma motor fibers
What happens to the muscle when the golgi tendon organ is stimulated?
muscle relaxation dahil sa reflex inhibition
What innervates the fusiform capsule that contains slender cellular intrafusal fibers?
Group 1b (beta) fibers with bulbous terminals
nerves + neuron = ______
ganglion
neurons + fibers = ______
plexus
somatic motor: conscious
visceral motor: ________
unconscious
Regarding plantar reflex, what does it indicated when you have a POSITIVE Babinski reflex result?
Upper motor neuron lesion [absence of descending inhibition]
What reflex is stimulated when you have goosebumps?
somatic-visceral reflex [SV]
receptor: Kapag nilalamig ka -> cold temp -> santa KRAUSSE (somatic)
effector: contraction of erector pili muscle (visceral)
Paano kapag may peptic ulcer ka tapos nag contract abdominal muscle mo?
viscero-somatic spinal reflex [VS]
again, locations of sensory nerve ending: visceral organ (visceral)
location motor nerve ending: abdominal muscle (somatic)
