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Earth And Life Science > 2nd Quarter Long Quiz > Flashcards

2nd Quarter Long Quiz Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The scientific study of living things

A

Life science

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2
Q

The scientific study of life

A

Biology

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3
Q

A person who conducts research in biology

A

Biologist

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4
Q

Earth initially began with a single celled organism called

A

Prokaryotes

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5
Q

What is the theory of special creation?

A

Life was created by a supernatural power or god

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6
Q

What is the theory of biogenesis?

A

That life arose from pre-existing life

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7
Q

What is the theory of abiogenesis?

A

That life exist from nonliving things

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8
Q

Who is Francisco Redi?

A

He put maggots in a flask to disprove the theory that life came from non-living things. He also worked in toxicology.

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9
Q

What is the theory of panspermia?

A

Seeds everywhere. Broken materials from asteroids serves as the building blocks of life.

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10
Q

What is the theory of chemical evolution?

A

That life was a result of slow and gradual chemical process.

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11
Q

What are biotic factors?

A

Living things

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12
Q

What are abiotic factors?

A

Non-living things

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13
Q

What are the 10 unifying themes?

A
  1. emergent properties
  2. the cell
  3. the heritable information
  4. structure/function
  5. interaction with the environment
  6. regulation
  7. unity and diversity
  8. evolution
  9. scientific inquiry
  10. the science, technology, and society
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14
Q

What are the levels of biological organization?

A
  1. Molecules
  2. Organelles
  3. Cells
  4. Tissues
  5. Organs and organ system
  6. Organisms
  7. Population
  8. Communities
  9. Ecosystem
  10. Biosphere
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15
Q

What are cells?

A

The basic building blocks of all living things.

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16
Q

What are the three tenets of the cell theory?

A
  1. Basic unit of life.
  2. All living things are composed of one or more cells.
  3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
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17
Q

Who is Robert Hooke?

A

Examined a piece of cork. Observed tiny compartments that he called cells.

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18
Q

Single celled organisms that lack a membrane bound nucleus, mitochondria and other organelles.

A

Prokaryotes

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19
Q

Organisms with cells that contain membrane bound nucleus and other membrane bound organelles.

A

Eukaryotes

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20
Q

What are the characteristics of living things?

A
  1. metabolize
  2. grow and develop
  3. respond to stimuli
  4. interact
  5. reproduce
  6. adapt and evolve
  7. organized
21
Q

the substances needed by organisms to grow, store, energy and repair tissues are synthesized

A

Anabolism

22
Q

Some complex substances are broken down, releasing the energy stored in their molecules. This happens in food digestion.

A

Catabolism

23
Q

chemical building up and breaking down processes are collectively called

A

Metabolism

24
Q

the sum total of all the life-sustaining chemical reactions in living things. It allows living things to grow, maintain their structures

A

Metabolism

25
Q

the average length of time a living thing can live.

A

Life Span

26
Q

Humans have average _______ of 60-70 years, while some plants, such as the narra trees, can live more than 100.

A

Life expectancy

27
Q

is any signal or change in the environment that produces a response or reaction from that organism.

A

Stimulus

28
Q

is the internal balance of a body system. The balance is needed for the proper functions and regulation of the living things body.

A

Homeostasis

29
Q

The ability of living things to produce offspring of their kind.

A

Reproduction

30
Q

What are the types of Reproduction?

A

Sexual and Asexual Reproduction

31
Q

Is not an individual organism’s need, rather, it is for the species perpetuation.

A

Reproduction

32
Q

involves the union of sex Sexual

cells or gametes-the egg cell from a female organism and the sperm cell from a male organism.

A

Sexual reproduction

33
Q

mode of reproduction in which a

new offspring is produced by a single parent. The new individuals produced are genetically and physically identical to each other, i.e., they are the clones of their parents.

A

Asexual Reproduction

34
Q

Is any response or reaction toward a stimulus that helps in the survival of an organism.

A

Adaptation

35
Q

is the gradual change in organisms over a long period of time.

A

Evolution

36
Q

What are the types of Asexual Reproduction?

A
  1. Binary Fission
  2. Fragmentation
  3. Budding
  4. Parthenogenesis
37
Q

occurs in single-celled organisms

a parent cell divides itself into two equal parts and create an offspring

A

Binary Fission

38
Q

an organism breaks a part of itself into a fragment and the fragment develops into a new organism

A

Fragmentation

39
Q

a parent organism grows a bud attached to its body

A

Budding

40
Q

the embryo of an organism can grow and develop without fertilization

A

Parthenogenesis

41
Q

What are the mechanisms of fertilization?

A

Internal and External Fertilization

42
Q

the fusion of gametes is inside the female body.

A

Internal fertilization

43
Q

the fusion of gametes is outside the female body.

A

External fertilization

44
Q

What are the types of Sexual Reproduction?

A
  1. Oviparity
  2. Viviparity
  3. Ovoviviparity
45
Q

the female has fertilized eggs laid outside its body

A

Oviparity

46
Q

the offspring develops within the female and is nourished by the mother’s blood in the placenta

A

Viviparity

47
Q

fertilized eggs nourish the young from its yolk; lay the eggs when they are ready to hatch

A

Ovoviviparity

48
Q

What are the factors that affect the success of reproduction?

A
  1. Predation
  2. Environment
  3. Human interaction
49
Q

are animals that hunt and feed on other animals to survive and eventually reproduce

A

Apex predators

Earth And Life Science (2 decks)

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