2nd Quarter Flashcards
Basic types of literature
Fiction
Non-fiction
poetry
drama
Fiction sub types
Novel
Short Story
Non-fiction sub types
Essay
Editiorial
News Story
Feature Story
Poetry Sub types
Verse
narrative
poetry
Free verse
Drama sub types
Classical
Tragedy
Comedy
A traditional story in prose concerning details of god and demigods and the creation of the world and its inhabitants occurring in timeless past.
Myth
Examples of Myth
The Gods and Goddesses (Ilocos)
Mag-asawang Tubig (Tagalog)
Why is there a high tide during Full Moon (ibanag)
It describes or portrays symbolic language the origin of the basic elements and assumptions of a culture
Myth
folk epics that narrate the adventures of tribal heroes who embody themselves the ideas and values of the tribe
Heroic Narrative Epics
ex: Indarapatra at Sulayman
Are traditional narratives or collection of related narratives, popularity regarded as historically factual but a mixture of fact and fiction.
Ethnological Legends
ex: Legend of Mayon Volcano
Legend of the Dama de Noche
Legend of Banana Plant
A prose narrative
Folktale
A folktale using animals as characters
Animal Tale
ex: The Monkey and the Turtle
The Simplest form of oral literature
Folk Speech
a. Riddles
b. Proverbs
c. Folk Songs
Description of objects in terms intended to suggest something entirely different
Riddles
Short popular sayings that express effectively some common place truth or useful thought. They generally express codes of conduct, community beliefs, etc.
Proverbs
Verses set into music by the members
Folk songs
are literary attempts to share personal experiences and feelings.
Poetry
Elements of poem
- The poetic line
- The sound words
- The meter
- Imagery
- Tone
- Figures of Speech
It is the basic unit of composition in poems, an idea or feeling of which is expressed in one line and is frequently continued into the next line. This is called ENJAMBMENT or RUN-ON lines
Poetic line
A poet conveys his ideas through a pattern of sounds that is a part of the total meaning.
The sound words
Repeats similar or corresponding sounds in some apparent scheme
Rhyme
Is the result of systematically stressing or accenting words and syllables attained through patterns in the tuning, spacing, and repetition of the elements.
Rhythm
means the repetition for the effect of initial vowels or consonants
Alliteration
refers to a partial change in which vowels are alike but the consonant sounds are unlike
Assonance
refers to a word that phonetically mimics or resembles the sound of the thing it describes
onomatopoeia
is regularized and patterned rhythm
The meter
1.Lambic meter
2.Trochaic meter
3. Anapestic meter
4. Dactylic meter
is a vivid and vibrant form of description that appeals to reader’s senses and imagination
imagery
This reveals the attitude toward the subject and in some cases the attitude of the persona or implied speaker of the poem as well.
Tone
A word or phrase that posses a separate meaning from its literal definition.
Figures of Speech
Comparison between two dissimilar objects using “like” and “as”
Simile
( Your beauty shines like a diamond)
Makes an implicit, implied, or hidden comparison between two unrelated objects
Metaphor
(Good books are food and drink to an avid reader)
Gives an inanimate object or an abstract idea a human attribute
Personification
(At last, the wind sighed itself to sleep)
A speaker directly addresses someone that is not present or cannot respond in reality
Apostrophe
(O death, where is thy string? O grave, where is thy victory?)
The name of one thing used in place of another suggested or associated with it.
Metonymy
(The pen is mightier than the sword)
The contrast or opposition of thoughts, words, or ideas. Contrasting words or ideas make each other emphatic
Antithesis
(His body is active but his mind is sluggish)
The exaggeration for effect and not to deceive to be taken literally.
Hyperbole
(Morning, moon and night, her tongue was incessantly doing)
The method of humorous and subtly sarcastic expression in which the intended meaning of the words is the direct opposite of what is meant.
Irony
(It was very kind to remind me of my humiliations)
Is a work of fiction that is usually written in a narrative format.
Short Story
Short Story Elements
- Setting
2.Plot
3.Conflict
4.Character - Theme
The time and location in which the story takes place
Setting
The sequence of events in a story
Plot
Elements of Plot
- Exposition
- Rising Action
3.Crisis
4.Climax
5.Falling Action - Resolution
The introductory material that creates the tone, introduces the characters and presents facts necessary to understand the story.
Exposition
Series of events that build from and during the conflict. It begins with inciting fierce and ends with a climax
Rising Action
The conflict reaches a turning point of the story meet and the conflict becomes most intense. This occurs before or at the same time with the climax
Crisis
This is the result of the crisis. The point at which the outcome of the conflict can be predicted.
Climax
Events after the climax which close the story
Falling Action
This is the ending of the story
Resolution
Is essential to the plot; without this, there is no plot.
Conflict
may refer to the person in a work of fiction or the characteristics of a person.
Character
The central idea or insight that comments human condition a truth in life which the heart of the story
Theme
