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CHEMISTRY-HAWAN > 2ND QUARTER > Flashcards

2ND QUARTER Flashcards

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1
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

Concerned with the speeds, or rates, at which a chemical reaction occurs

A

KINETICS

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2
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

General Equation

A

Reactants -> Products

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3
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS: FACTORS

The more readily the reactant molecules collide with one another, the more rapidly they react

A

PHYSICAL STATE

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4
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS: FACTORS

More particles present increase the chance of molecules colliding

A

REACTANT CONCENTRATION

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5
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS: FACTORS

Addition of energy (heat) increases the kinetic energy of molecules

A

REACTION TEMPERATURE

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6
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS: FACTORS

Catalysts increase reaction by changing the mechanism of reaction

A

PRESENCE OF CATALYST

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7
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

COLLISION THEORY

A

Particles must collide
Sufficient Energy
Correct Orientation

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8
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

Rate at a specific point in time

A

Instantaneous Rate

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9
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

Average between two instantaneous rates

A

Average Rate

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10
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

A constant of proportionality between the reaction rate and the concentration of reactant

A

RATE CONSTANT

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11
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

Expresses the relationship of the rate of a reaction to the rate constant and the concentrations of the reactants raised to some powers

A

RATE LAW

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12
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

The rate depends on the concentration of a single reactant raised to the first power

A

FIRST ORDER REACTION

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13
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

The rate depends either on a reactant raised to the second power or on the concentrations of reactant each raised to the first power

A

SECOND ORDER REACTION

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14
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

The concentration of any reactant does not affect the rate

A

ZERO ORDER REACTION

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15
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

Overall sum of the order of each reactant

A

THIRD ORDER REACTION

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16
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

Time required for the concentration of a reactant to reach half its initial value

A

HALF-LIFE

17
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

The concentration of the reactant decreases by one-half in each of a series of regularly spaced time intervals, each interval equal to t ½

A

FIRST ORDER

18
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

The amount of drug at a specific time point

A

DIFFERENTIAL RATE LAW

19
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

The amount of drug from initial to a specific time point

A

INTEGRATED RATE LAW

20
Q

CHEMICAL KINETIC

Minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to proceed

A

ACTIVATION ENERGY

21
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS: ACTIVATION ENERGY

energy of products is lower than energy of reactants

A

EXOTHERMIC

22
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS: ACTIVATION ENERGY

energy of products is higher than energy of reactants

A

ENDOTHERMIC

23
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

When you include a catalyst in a specific reaction

A

CATALYSIS

24
Q

CHEMICAL KINETICS

Substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed

A

CATALYST

25
Q

CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

State of a chemical reaction when the concentrations of the products and reactants are unchanged over time

A

CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

26
Q

EQUILIBRIUM

When a system is at equilibrium, a constant value is established by the multiplicative product of the concentrations of the products then divided by the multiplicative product of the reactants’ concentrations

A

LAW OF MASS ACTION

27
Q

EQUILIBRIUM

T OR F:
SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS ARE CONSIDERED IN THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT

A

FALSE

28
Q

EQUILIBRIUM

If a chemical system at equilibrium experiences a change in concentration, temperature or total pressure will shift in order to minimize that change

A

Le Chatelier’s Principle

29
Q

EQUILIBRIUM

Increase in temperature favors

A

ENDOTHERMIC

30
Q

EQUILIBRIUM

Decrease in temperature favors

A

EXOTHERMIC

31
Q

EQUILIBRIUM

Increase pressure

A

TOWARD LESS MOLES

32
Q

EQUILIBRIUM

Decrease pressure

A

TOWARDS MORE MOLES

CHEMISTRY-HAWAN (3 decks)

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