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Semestral Exam Mexican History > 2nd Mid-term > Flashcards

2nd Mid-term Flashcards

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1
Q

Oasisamerica

A

Cultural área including parts of the US Southwest and northern Mexico

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2
Q

Aridoamerica

A

The dry regions of northern Mexico and the US Southwest

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3
Q

Mesoamérica

A

Cultural área of central and southern Mexico

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4
Q

Lithic

A

Earliest period of human presence in America

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5
Q

Proto-Neolithic

A

The transitional period to agriculture

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6
Q

Pre-classic

A

The formative period of Mesoamerican cultures

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7
Q

Classic

A

Period of great Mesoamerican civilizations

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8
Q

Post-classic

A

The final period of pre-Hispanic Mesoamerican cultures

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9
Q

Bering

A

The land bridge theory for American settlement

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10
Q

Polynesian

A

A theory of American settlement via pacific islands

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11
Q

Describe the main characteristics of the Lithic stage in America

A

Use of stone tools and big mammal hunting also hunter-gathering and nomadic lifestyle

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12
Q

How did the geographic characteristics of Mesoamérica influence cultural development?

A

By their huge diversity in flora and fauna, these allowed agriculture to happen and the civilizations became sedentary and settled their cities.

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13
Q

Compare and contrast preclassic and classic periods in Mesoamérica

A

Preclassic - period where early civilizations started to form, like the rise of the Olmecs.
Classic - peak of Mesoamerican cultures, great cultures like Teotihuacán, mayas, etc

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14
Q

Cultural achievements of the post-classic period

A

Metalworking and military focuses, also art, pottery, religion.

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15
Q

Explain the concept of cultural areas and why they are important in studying pre-Hispanic Mexico

A

Cultural areas were those of cultural exchange and trading, they are important because they help dividing civilizations into different zones.

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16
Q

Transition from the Lithic-period to the proto-Neolithic period

A

Happened when people started using agriculture as one of the main sources of food collecting. It changed human societies because people stopped their nomadic lifestyle and started by settling in agricultural areas.

17
Q

Describe the main features of Oasisamerica and how they differed to Mesoamérica

A

Oasisamerica had a semi-arid climate and nomadic civilizations meanwhile Mesoamérica had more complex y hierarchical systems and large variety of flora and fauna, leading to agriculture.

18
Q

What evidence supports the Polynesian theory?

A

Similar genetic features found by scientists.

19
Q

How did different cosmovisiones develop in the various cultural horizons of Mesoamérica?

A

By the exchange of cultures and diversity of languages, architecture, religions, etc.

20
Q

Which of the following is NOT a proposed route for the peopling of America?

A

Atlantic crossing

21
Q

The Lithic stage is characterized by

A

Use of stone tools

22
Q

Which cultural area is associated with the Aztec civilization?

A

Mesoamerica

23
Q

The preclassic period in Mesoamerica is known for:

A

The Olmec civilization

24
Q

Which culture is associated with the city of Monte Albán?

A

Zapotec

25
Q

The Maya city of Chichén Itzá is famous for

A

The great ball court

26
Q

The Aztec calendar stone is also known as

A

Piedra del sol

27
Q

The Aztec calendar stone is also known as

A

Piedra del sol

28
Q

Which culture is credited with the invention of the concepto of zero in the Americas?

A

Maya

29
Q

The Tarascan Empire was located in what is now

A

Michoacán

30
Q

Which pre-Hispanic culture is associated with the legend of Quetzalcoatl?

A

Toltec

31
Q

The Maya writing system was deciphered primarily using

A

Land’s alphabet

32
Q

Which pre-Hispanic culture built the city of El Tajín ?

A

Totonac

33
Q

Which pre Hispanic culture is associated with La Venta?

A

Olmec

34
Q

The Maya city of Palenque is also known for

A

The temple of the inscriptions

35
Q

Which of these was NOT a Maya city-state?

A

Tula

36
Q

Which pre Hispanic culture developed the chinampa agricultural system?

A

Aztec

37
Q

The Olmec were the first Mesoamerican culture to develop

A

Writing, calendars, ball games (all of the above)

38
Q

Which of these was NOT an important trade item in pre Hispanic Mexico?

A

Silk

39
Q

The Maya city of Chichén Itzá shows influence from which other culture ?

A

Toltec

Semestral Exam Mexican History (3 decks)

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