2nd grading Flashcards
process in which the info from the text and the knowledge possessed by the reader get together to produce meaning
Critical reading (anderson et al)
particular/specific
scanning
Overall/general idea of the text
skimming
definition of reading (4)
~ to get a basic grasp of a text
~ absorbing/understanding
~ what is the text saying
~ restatement or summary
definition of critical reading (2)
~ a more active way of reading.
~ deeper and more complex engagement with a text
~ a careful, thorough, thoughtful, and active reading strategy
~ need ng thorough analysis
it is the act of giving statements for justification and explanation
Reasoning
It is a statement that states one’s sound judgement about something through writing which is supported by reasons and evidences. It is factual, substantial, and unbiased
Evaluative statements
How to form an evaluative statement?
begin with positive before pointing out the negative
suggest a solution/s or suggestion/s on how to improve the written material
keep your feedback concise and precise
be careful in giving your feedback
(SANDWICH METHOD)
as defined by ____, these are declarative sentences that claim something is true about something else
Assertions (Tiongson, 2016)
4 types of assertions
Fact
convention
opinion
preference
statement that can be proven obejectively (first hand evidences: articles, stories, or resources)
fact
practices, social norms/beliefs
convention
pov/perspective
opinion
personal choice which the writer is under no obligation to support/prove the truthfulness of the statement
preference
defines what the author wants you to do, think, or believe
claim
counter argument
contradict someone’s statement through formal arguments
counterclaim
4 elements of an argument
claim
counterclaim
reasons
evidence
details given by the author in order to support his/her claims
textual evidence
ways of presentation (3)
quotation
paraphrasing
summarizing
directly getting word for word information from the text
quotation
writing/stating using your own words
paraphrasing
shortening the text by just stating the main idea of the text
summarizing
it is a long formal essay, usually 5-15 pages in length, which presents the writer’s views and findings.
research report
components of a research
title
abstract
introduction
methodology
results
discussion
references
it reflects the content and emphasis of the project
it should be as short as possible including essential key words
title
overview of the research study
2-4 paragraphs in length containing 200-300 words
abstract
__ provides the key question that the researcher is attempting to answer.
review of any literature that is relevant.
the research will provide a rationale of why the research is important and will present a hypothesis.
introduction
~ most important section
1. allows readers to evaluate the quality of the research
2. provides the details by which another researcher may replicate and validate the findings
~ info is arranged in chronological w/ the most important info on top of each section
methodology
contains the data and perhaps a short introduction
results
it is where the results of the study are interpreted and evaluated against the existing body/literature
~ it is where the authors point the anomalies found in the results
discussion
describes and evaluates a work of fiction/non fiction and offers the book’s overall purpose, structure, style, or narration
book review
how do you start a book review?
- identify book by author title and sometimes publishing info
- specify the type of book (ex: fiction, nonfiction, biography, and autobiography)
- mention thee book’s theme: overall message of written material
- include background if necessary (main purpose of the book. why it is published)
- you may also use an interesting quote, fact, an explanation of concept of term
composition that highlights an opinion of an author/specify entity about an issue.
as a debate, it presents one side of an arguable opinion and persuades the readers that the author has a well founded knowledge about the issue.
position paper
present relevant supporting evidence
factual knowledge
statistical knowledge
informed opinions
personal testimony
components of position paper
introduction
body
conclusion
identifies the issue that will be discussed and states the author’s position on that issue
introduction
contains the central argument
body
restating the key points and when applicable, suggest resolution to the issue
conclusion
written exchange of messages between two parties through professional writing of letters (emails, memos… interaction)
writing correspondence
originated from the french word “resume” which means summary. A ___ is usually an enclosure to an application/cover letter.
resume
it is also known as cover letter and is used to introduce yourself to a respective employer and demonstrate your interest
employment application letter
parts of a employment application letter
heading
date
inside address
salutation
body
complimentary close
signature
