2ND BM RECALLS Flashcards
True statement regarding the pancreas
a. Bean-shaped
b. Lies within the posterior compartment of the retroperitoneum
c. Smaller in young patients and progressively decreases with age
d. Pancreatic duct normally measures 3mm in the head and tapers towards the tail
d. Pancreatic duct normally measures 3mm in the head and tapers towards the tail
Role of imaging in pancreatitis, EXCEPT:
a. Assess severity
b. Determine prognosis
c. Detect complications
d. Required in its diagnosis
d. Required in its diagnosis
Most common cause of chronic pancreatitis
a. Gallstone passage/impaction
b. Malignancy
c. Alcohol abuse
d. Malnutrition
c. Alcohol abuse
Most common cause of acute pancreatitis
a. Gallstone passage/impaction
b. Malignancy
c. Alcohol abuse
d. Malnutrition
a. Gallstone passage/impaction
True statement regarding pancreatic imaging, EXCEPT:
a. Imaging findings may be normal in mild cases
b. Contrast enhanced MDCT-most comprehensive assessment
c. Ultrasound is used for follow-up of specific abnormalities such as fluid collections
d. Fluoroscopy is often utilized for real-time guidance in pancreatic biopsy
d. Fluoroscopy is often utilized for real-time guidance in pancreatic biopsy
Imaging findings in acute pancreatitis, EXCEPT:
a. Indistinct margins due to inflammation
b. Focal or diffuse parenchymal enlargement
c. Changes in density due to edema
d. Atrophy of the pancreas
d. Atrophy of the pancreas
True statement regarding chronic pancreatitis
a. Caused by prolonged and recurrent bouts of pancreatitis
b. Endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas are always preserved
c. Findings of parenchymal hypertrophy and resolving fibrosis
d. The most common cause is steroid intake
a. Caused by prolonged and recurrent bouts of pancreatitis
Morphologic changes in chronic pancreatitis, EXCEPT:
a. Dilation of the pancreatic duct, usually in a beaded pattern of alternating dilations and constrictions
b. Calcifications in the pancreatic parenchyma
c. Increased visible pancreatic tissue due to hyperplasia
d. Fascial thickening and chronic inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissue
c. Increased visible pancreatic tissue due to hyperplasia
Autoimmune pancreatitis
a. Responsive to oral steroids
b. Periductal infiltration by neutrophils result in mass-like enlargement of the pancreas
c. Directly associated with pulmonary adenocarcinoma
d. Mass-like enlargement of the pancreas due to presence of an adenocarcinoma
a. Responsive to oral steroids
Sign of pancreatic tumor resectability
a. Solitary hepatic metastasis
b. Regional nodes may be involved
c. No encasement of the celiac axis or SMA
d. Limited pancreatic extension of the tumor is present
c. No encasement of the celiac axis or SMA
Signs of pancreatic tumor potential resectability, EXCEPT:
a. Solitary hepatic metastasis
b. Regional nodes may be involved
c. Absence of involvement of the celiac axis or SMA
d. Limited pancreatic extension of the tumor is present
a. Solitary hepatic metastasis
Signs of pancreatic tumor unresectability, EXCEPT:
a. Lung metastasis
b. Occlusion of the SMA or portal vein without technical option for reconstruction
c. Encasement of the celiac axis and SMA
d. Regional nodes may be involved
d. Regional nodes may be involved
Pancreatic pseudocysts
a. Fluid density unilocular cysts associated with findings of acute or chronic pancreatitis
b. Septations and lobulated contours are common
c. Very high risk for malignancy
d. Serial imaging usually shows enlargement
a. Fluid density unilocular cysts associated with findings of acute or chronic pancreatitis
TRue statements regarding pancreatic abscess formation, EXCEPT:
a. Presence of gas bubbles within the cystic mass is a weak evidence for abscess
b. Must be considered in any patient with a cystic pancreatic lesion and fever
c. Image guided aspiration confirms the diagnosis
d. Most have indistinct wall
a. Presence of gas bubbles within the cystic mass is a weak evidence for abscess
Serous cystadenomas of the pancreas
a. Most common is a macro-cystic form with larger cysts
b. Lesions communicate with the pancreatic duct
c. Innumerable tiny cysts making the lesion appear cystic
d. Central stellate scar that may calcify in highly diagnostic
d. Central stellate scar that may calcify in highly diagnostic
Mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas
a. Most commonly seen on the head of the pancreas
b. Usually in men
c. Surgical removal is recommended
d. Peripheral eggshell calcification is a common and non-specific finding
c. Surgical removal is recommended
Main duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm
a. 15% developing cancer in 5 years
b. Have marked dilatation due to continuing mucin production
c. Causes progressive hypertrophy of pancreatic parenchyma
d. Intercommunicate through dilated branch ducts
b. Have marked dilatation due to continuing mucin production
True statement regarding the spleen, EXCEPT:
a. The largest lymphoid organ
b. Reservoir for red blood cells
c. Occupies the right upper quadrant of the abdomen posteromedial to the stomach
d. Sequesters aged red and white blood cells and platelets
c. Occupies the right upper quadrant of the abdomen posteromedial to the stomach
Arciform pattern of splenic MRI contrast enhancement is seen in the
a. Arterial phase
b. Venous phase
c. Portal phase
d. Delayed phase
a. Arterial phase
The most common benign primary neoplasm of the spleen
a. Hemangioma
b. Lymphoma
c. Fibroadenoma
d. Adenocarcinoma
a. Hemangioma
The most common malignant tumor involving the spleen:
a. Hemangioma
b. Lymphoma
c. Fibroadenoma
d. Adenocarcinoma
b. Lymphoma
True statement regarding gastric carcinoma, EXCEPT:
a. Third most common GI malignancy
b. Most (95%) are gastrointestinal tumor
c. Predisposing factors: smoking, pernicious anemia, atrophic gastritis and gastrojejunostomy
d. Peak age is from 50 to 70 years old
b. Most (95%) are gastrointestinal tumor
Gastric Adenocarcinoma (Carcinoma?)
a. Focal often irregular wall thickening
b. Extensive adenopathy, specially if below the renal hila
c. Long term silent growth to a large size is characteristic
d. None of the above
a. Focal often irregular wall thickening
Gastric lymphoma
a. Focal often irregular wall thickening
b. Extensive adenopathy, specially if below the renal hila
c. Long term silent growth to a large size is characteristic
d. None of the above
b. Extensive adenopathy, specially if below the renal hila
GIST
a. Focal often irregular wall thickening
b. Extensive adenopathy, specially if below the renal hila
c. Long term silent growth to a large size is characteristic
d. None of the above
c. Long term silent growth to a large size is characteristic
True statement regarding gastritis
a. Thickened folds and superficial mucosal ulcerations
b. Malignant
c. Chemotherapy is the treatment of choice
d. Usually results to gastric outlet obstruction
a. Thickened folds and superficial mucosal ulcerations
?
Sign of benignancy of gastric ulcer
a. An ulcer eccentrically located within the tumor mound
b. A shadow ulcer with a width greater than its depth
c. An ulcer within the lumen of the stomach
d. An edematous ulcer collar with overhanging mucosal edge
d. An edematous ulcer collar with overhanging mucosal edge
Sign of malignancy of gastric ulcer
a. Radiating folds extending into the crater
b. Depth of ulcer greater than width
c. An ulcer projecting beyond the expected lumen
d. An ulcer eccentrically located within the tumor mound
d. An ulcer eccentrically located within the tumor mound
Most duodenal tumors are benign in this location
a. Duodenal bulb
b. Second portion
c. Third portion
d. Fourth portion
a. Duodenal bulb
Most duodenal tumors are malignant in this location
a. Duodenal bulb
b. Second portion
c. Third portion
d. Fourth portion
d. Fourth portion
TRUE OR FALSE
Annular pancreas is the most common congenital anomaly of the pancreas
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
Contrast enhanced cranial CT scan is the test of choice for emergency evaluation of suspected hemorrhage
FALSE
TRUE OR FALSE
CT scan is better than MRI for detection and characterization of subacute or chronic hemorrhage
FALSE
TRUE OR FALSE
Subdural hemorrhage is associated with ‘worst headache of your life’ symptoms
FALSE
subarachnoid
TRUE OR FALSE
Subarachnoid hemorrhage due to a ruptured berry aneurysm is most commonly seen in the **basilar artery **
FALSE
A.comm
TRUE OR FALSE
Acute hemorrhage ____ ____ characteristic is bright/hyperintense in both T1 and T2 weighted images
FALSE iso/dark
TRUE OR FALSE
Subarachnoid hemorrhage is difficult to detect when patient’s hematocrit is low
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE OR FALSE
Telangiectasia is the most common type of brain vascular malformation
FALSE
(arteriovenous malformation)
TRUE OR FALSE
Toxoplasmosis reveals atrophy, dilated ventricles, and dystrophic calcifications
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
Rubella ____ periventricular pattern of injury and dystrophic calcifications
FALSE–CMV
TRUE OR FALSE
Cytomegalovirus reveal dystrophic calcifications in the deep gray nuclei and cortex
FALSE–RUBELLA
TRUE OR FALSE
Herpes Simplex shows involvement of the basal ganglia, thalami and posterior fossa structures
FALSE
Sparing
TRUE OR FALSE
H. influenza is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in neonates
FALSE
Group B streptococci and E. coli
TRUE OR FALSE
S. pneumoniae is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in older adults
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
CT scan findings may be normal in the acute setting of bacterial meningitis
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
Tuberculous meningitis shows less thickened meninges when compared to bacterial meningitis
FALSE
more thick
TRUE OR FALSE
Tuberculous meningitis most commonly affects neonates and infants
FALSE–children and elderly
TRUE OR FALSE
Most tuberculoma in children are supratentorial, involving the frontal or parietal lobes
FALSE
adult
TRUE OR FALSE
In early cerebritis, irregular peripheral contrast enhancement is noted
FALSE
late
IDENTIFY
Epidural Hematoma
IDENTIFY
Chronic Subdural Hematoma
