2B Sleep Apnea Flashcards
Reduction in heart rate and bp
10 percent
Stages of sleep with percentages
2: 50 percent
3/4: 30 Percent
REM: 20 percent
Largest sleep stage (N)
N2 (50 percent)
What N sleep stage decreases most with age
N3
How many sleep cycles per night
4-5
Sleep deprivation prevalence
1/5 adults
Sleepy snorer has this syndrom
Upper Airway resistance syndrom
Apnea Definition
Cessation of airflow for more than 10 seconds
Hypopnea Defintion
Decreased airflow(30-50%) equal or greater than 10 seconds associated with O2 desaturation or arousal
Apnea-Hypopnea Index
(Apnea + Hypopnea)/hrs sleep
AHI categories
Normal: Less than 5
Mild: 5-14
Moderate: 15-30
Severe: greater than 30
OSAS defintion
AHI greater than 5 PLUS daytime hypersomnolence (sleepy not just tired)
Epworth sleepiness scale
0-10 normal
10-12 borderline
12-24 abnormal
What percentage of middle age adults have OSAS in western countries
5 percent
Causes of OSAS
Anatomic airway narrowing
Sleep induced loss of muscle tone
Insufficient dilator muscle contraction
Snoring velocity and pressure
Increased velocity (results in snoring) Decreased pressure (results in airway collapse)
Risk of fatal event with mild OSA
2X
Metabolic syndrom
Insulin resistance
High BP
Obesity
Primary cause of OSA in 2-8 year olds
tonsils and adenoids
Pediatric vs adult OSA
Pediatric: NO daytime sleepiness but very irritable
Most common cause of Excessive daytime sleepiness
Chornic insufficient sleep
Questionaire model
Snoring Tired Observed stopped breathing Pressure (blood pressure) BMI Age Neck circumference Gender
Oral appliance for sleep apnea
For mild and moderate
OR advanced when they refuse CPAP
Effectiveness
Efficacy X compliance = Mean Disease Alleviation
