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EXAM PRACTICE Q'S > 2B EXAM PRACTICE MCQ > Flashcards

2B EXAM PRACTICE MCQ Flashcards

1
Q
  1. A common side effect of chemotherapy includes:

A. Decreased level of consciousness
B. Depression

C. Nausea and vomiting
D. All of the above

A

C. Nausea and vomiting

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2
Q
  1. You are caring for a patient who has right-sided paralysis and aphasia after an embolic stroke that occurred two days ago. These symptoms indicate that:

A. The damage was probably in both hemispheres of the brain.

B. The damage was probably in the left side of his cerebrum, probably in the frontal area.
C. The damage was probably in the right side of the brain.
D. He will probably regain function quickly after this type of injury.

A

B. The damage was probably in the left side of his cerebrum, probably in the frontal area.

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3
Q
  1. Prolonged hypertension results in the following permanent change in the vascular system:

A. Development of lipid plaques in large veins
B. Recurrent infection in peripheral arteries

C. Damage to the arterial walls
D. Increased systemic vasodilation

A

C. Damage to the arterial walls

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4
Q
  1. The nurse is concerned that their client John may be developing left heart failure. Signs and symptoms of left heart failure include:A. Dyspnea, orthopnea, and cough
    B. Fatigue, dizziness and headache
    C. Weakness, palpitations, and peripheral edema
    D. Diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
A

A. Dyspnea, orthopnea, and cough

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5
Q
  1. The nurse measures the blood pressure of a 78-year-old patient and finds it to be 168/86 mmHg. An age-related change that contributes to this finding is:

A. Stenosis of the heart valves

B. Loss of elasticity in arterial vessels
C. Decreased beta-adrenergic sensitivity
D. An increase in serum calcium levels

A

B. Loss of elasticity in arterial vessels

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6
Q
  1. During an assessment of a 63-year-old man at the clinic, the patient tells the nurse that for years he has taken an evening walk, but lately even a short walk causes leg pain and muscle cramps. If he stops for a while, the pain goes away. The nurse recognises this condition as:

A. An arterial inflammatory and spastic condition that is precipitated by exercise
B. Varicose veins due to chronic venous insufficiency, with resultant ischaemia and pain
C. Thrombophlebitis due to a blood clot in a peripheral vessel, resulting in venous obstruction

D. Intermittent claudication due to peripheral ischaemia

A

D. Intermittent claudication due to peripheral ischaemia

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7
Q
  1. You are talking to Martin several days following his myocardial infarction. During this conversation, you explain that a myocardial infarction is:A. A blockage of a coronary artery
    B. A complication of congestive heart failure
    C. Ischemia of the heart muscle
    D. A worse form of angina pectoris
A

A. A blockage of a coronary artery

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8
Q
  1. You are caring for a client who was admitted with myocardial infarction (MI) two days ago. You note bilateral oedema in your client’s lower extremities. You would plan to do which of the following next?A. Review the intake and output records for the last two days
    B. Change the time of diuretic administration from morning to evening
    C. Send a referral to the dietician requesting an increased sodium diet
    D. Commence daily weighs
A

D. Commence daily weighs

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9
Q

13 A patient with acute diarrhoea of 24 hours duration calls the clinic to ask for directions for care. In talking with the patient, the nurse should:

A.			ask the patient to describe the character of the stools and any associated symptoms
 	B.			advise the patient to use over-the-counter loperamide to slow gastrointestinal         motility
 	C.	        inform the patient that laboratory testing of blood and stool specimens will be   necessary
 	D.			advise the patient to drink clear liquid fluids with electrolytes
A

A. ask the patient to describe the character of the stools and any associated symptoms

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10
Q
  1. The information that is most important for the nurse to obtain during the initial assessment of a patient admitted to the ward with vomiting of bright red blood is:

A. current medical problems
B. medications the patient is taking
C. history of prior bleeding episodes

D.			vital signs and the early warning score
A

D. vital signs and the early warning score

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11
Q
  1. Sam is a 17-year-old girl who has recently been diagnosed with asthma. You are the practice nurse responsible for providing an education session for Sam. Which of the following best describes the cause of Sam’s breathlessness?A. Bronchospasm, increased mucous production and narrowing of airways
    B. Coughing, wheezing and apnoea
    C. Narrowing of airways, vasodilation and bronchospasm
    D. Tachypnoea, decreased mucus production and bronchodilation
A

A. Bronchospasm, increased mucous production and narrowing of airways

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12
Q
  1. Metastasis is defined as:

A. The process of benign cells migrating to another region

B.			Cancer cells moving from their original location to other sites
 	C.			Growing in or penetrating a body cavity
 	D.			The interruption of growth of malignant cells
A

B. Cancer cells moving from their original location to other sites

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13
Q
  1. Two days following a hemicolectomy the patient complains of gas and abdominal distension. The nurse plans care for the patient, based on the knowledge that the patient’s symptoms occur as a result of:A. impaired peristalsis
    B. irritation of the bowel
    C. nasogastric suctioning
    D. inflammation of the bowel at the anastomosis site
A

A. impaired peristalsis

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14
Q 
16. Which of the following early signs could alert you to the presence of hypoxia?
	A.			Restlessness
 	B.			Cyanosis
 	C.			Lethargy
 	D.			Coma
A

A. Restlessness

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15
Q
  1. Which of the following terms refers to purulent fluid in the pleuritic cavity?

A. Pleural effusion
B. Pneumothorax

C.			Empyema
 	D.			Haemothorax
A

C. Empyema

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16
Q
  1. A patient is treated in the emergency department for shock following a motor vehicle accident. The nurse knows that shock is a clinical syndrome in which cellular dysfunction and organ failure occur primarily as a result of:

A. Hypertension
B. Loss of blood
C. Severe infection

D.			Impaired tissue perfusion
A

D. Impaired tissue perfusion

17
Q
  1. While monitoring a patient’s cardiac activity, the nurse recognises that a normal physiological mechanism responsible for an increase in heart rate and force of cardiac contractions is stimulation of:

A. The vagus nerve
B. Chemoreceptors in the vena cava


C. Alpha-adrenergic receptors in the vascular system

D. Baroreceptors in the aortic arch and carotid body

A

D. Baroreceptors in the aortic arch and carotid body

18
Q
  1. A patient with hypovolaemic shock has a urinary output of 25 mL/hour. The nurse understands that the compensatory physiological mechanism involved is:A. Release of aldosterone, which increases serum osmolarity, causing release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
    B. Movement of interstitial fluid to the intravascular space, increasing renal blood flow
    C. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system, causing vasodilation of the renal arteries
    D. Beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation that causes increased cardiac output as a result of increased heart rate and myocardial contractility
A

A. Release of aldosterone, which increases serum osmolarity, causing release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

19
Q

21 Mrs White has been admitted in acute respiratory distress after collapsing while playing netball. Following your assessment of Mrs White, you identify she has ineffective airway clearance and suspect she has pneumonia. You base this on the finding of

       A.	oxygen saturations of 85%.
B.	respiratory rate of 28 breaths per minute.
C.	crackles in the right and left lobes with pink frothy sputum.
D.	crackles in the right and left lobes with productive green sputum.
A

D. crackles in the right and left lobes with productive green sputum.

20
Q

22 Mrs White is commenced on oxygen therapy. A priority assessment of Mrs White while she is on oxygen will be her

A.	respiratory rate
B.	accessory muscle use
C.	urinary output.
D.	oxygen saturation.
A

A. respiratory rate

21
Q
  1. The primary goal of withholding food and fluids before surgery is to preventA. aspiration.
    B. distension.
    C. infection.
    D. obstruction.
A

A. aspiration.

22
Q
  1. You are the student nurse caring for a patient with intravenous therapy. You notice that the intravenous cannula insertion site appears swollen and is tender to touch. What is your first action?A. Stop the infusion and seek assistance immediately.
    B. Remove the intravenous fluids from the patient.
    C. Flush the luer with 0.9% Normal Saline.
    D. Decrease the drip rate so the IV fluids infuse at a slower rate.
A

A. Stop the infusion and seek assistance immediately.

EXAM PRACTICE Q'S (2 decks)

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