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Chemistry > 2B Acids, Bases And Salts > Flashcards

2B Acids, Bases And Salts Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an acid

A

A Proton donor (H+ ion)

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2
Q

What is a strong acid

A

An acid which has fully dissociated in solution

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3
Q

What is a weak acid

A

An acid that has only partially dissociated in solution

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4
Q

What is a base

A

A proton acceptor

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5
Q

What is an alkali

A

A base that dissolves in water releasing OH- ions into the solution

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6
Q

Which hydroxides form alkaline solutions containing hydroxide ions and why?

A

Group 1 hydroxides, Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, Ba(OH)2 and Sr(OH)2 because they are all soluble in water

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7
Q

Which metal oxides form alkaline solutions containing hydroxide ions

A

Group 1 metal Oxides, CaO and BaO

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8
Q

Acid + metal hydroxide

A

Salt + water

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9
Q

Acid + metal oxide

A

salt + water

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10
Q

Acid + metal carbonate

A

Salt + water + Carbon dioxide

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11
Q

Acid + metal

A

Salt + hydrogen

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12
Q

Acid + ammonia

A

Salt

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13
Q

What is the test for identifying halide salts?

A

Add silver nitrate, then dilute ammonia solution, then concentrated ammonia solution

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14
Q

Which halide forms a white precipitate when silver nitrate is added, and is soluble in both dilute and concentrated ammonia solution

A

Chloride

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15
Q

Which halide forms a cream precipitate when silver nitrate is added, and is only soluble in concentrated ammonia solution

A

Bromide

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16
Q

Which halide forms a yellow precipitate when silver nitrate is added and is not soluble in dilute or concentrated ammonia solution?

A

Iodide

17
Q

What is the test for ammonium ions

A

Add Sodium hydroxide and heat - a foul smell, effervescence and litmus paper turns from red to blu as ammonia is alkaline when dissolved in water, hydroxide ions produced

18
Q

What is the test for sulfate ions

A

Add a barium compound and a white precipitate forms

19
Q

What is the test for carbonate ions

A

Add dilute nitric acid and effervescence is seen. Nitric acid is used as no precipitate forms which helps prevent false positives

20
Q

Which order are the ion tests carried out in and why?

A

Always Carbonate, Sulfate, Halide to prevent false positives

Chemistry (3 decks)

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