2AB things to memorize

Question 1

diatomic element & phase: Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine

Answer 1

H2(g), N2(g), O2(g), F2(g), Cl2(g), Br2(l), I2(s)

Question 2

monatomic ions with fixed charge (+1)

Answer 2

H+, Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, Ag+

Question 3

monatomic ions with fixed charge (+2)

Answer 3

Be2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Zn2+

Question 4

monatomic ions with fixed charge (+3)

Answer 4

Al3+

Question 5

Hydride, Fluoride, Chloride, Bromide, Iodide

Answer 5

H-, F-, Cl-, Br-, I-

Question 6

Oxide, Sulfide, Nitride, Phosphide

Answer 6

O2- , S2-, N3-, P3-

Question 7

Fe3+

Answer 7

Ferric

Question 8

Fe2+

Answer 8

Ferrous

Question 9

Cu2+

Answer 9

Cupric

Question 10

Cu+

Answer 10

Cuprous

Question 11

Co3+

Answer 11

Cobaltic

Question 12

Co2+

Answer 12

Cobaltous

Question 13

Hg2+

Answer 13

Mercuric

Question 14

(Hg2)2+

Answer 14

Mercurous

Question 15

Sn4+

Answer 15

Stannic

Question 16

Sn2+

Answer 16

Stannous

Question 17

Pb4+

Answer 17

Plumbic

Question 18

Pb2+

Answer 18

Plumbous

Question 19

ammonium

Answer 19

NH4+

Question 20

Hydronium

Answer 20

H3O+

Question 21

Nitrite

Answer 21

NO2-

Question 22

Nitrate

Answer 22

NO3-

Question 23

Sulfite

Answer 23

SO32-

Question 24

Sulfate

Answer 24

SO42-

Question 25

Hydrogen Sulfate

Answer 25

HSO4-

Question 26

Cyanide

Answer 26

CN-

Question 27

Phosphite

Answer 27

PO33-

Question 28

Phosphate

Answer 28

PO43-

Question 29

Hydrogen Phosphate

Answer 29

HPO42-

Question 30

Dihydrogen Phosphate

Answer 30

H2PO4-

Question 31

Carbonate

Answer 31

CO32-

Question 32

Hydrogen Carbonate

Answer 32

HCO3-

Question 33

Permanganate

Answer 33

MnO4-

Question 34

Dichromate

Answer 34

Cr2O7 2-

Question 35

Chromate

Answer 35

CrO4 2-

Question 36

Peroxide

Answer 36

O2 2-

Question 37

Hypochlorite

Answer 37

ClO-

Question 38

Chlorite

Answer 38

ClO2-

Question 39

Chlorate

Answer 39

ClO3 -

Question 40

Hydroxide

Answer 40

OH-

Question 41

Acetate

Answer 41

C2H3O2-

Question 42

Perchlorate

Answer 42

ClO4-

Question 43

Strong Acids

Answer 43

HCl, HBr, HI, HClO4, HClO3, HNO3, H2SO4

Question 44

Strong Bases

Answer 44

LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2

Question 45

Weak base

Answer 45

NH3

Question 46

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States

Answer 46

1. O.S. = 0 for elemental compounds
2. Monatomic ions have O.S. = to their charge (see above for fixed charge monatomic ions)
3. The sum of oxidations states in a compound = the overall charge of that compound
4. Five reliable groups can be used for assigning atoms with variable oxidations states:
   Groups I and II have the charge of their group number.
   F = -1 (exception = F2)
   H is almost always +1 (exceptions: H2, metal hydrides)
   O is almost always -2 (exceptions: O2, O3, peroxides)
   Halides (Cl, Br, I) are -1 except when bonded to O or F

Question 47

LINEAR Electron and Molecular Geometry

Answer 47

bond angles: 180, spatial geometry: linear electron pair geometry: (sp)

Question 48

TRIGONAL PLANAR Electron and Molecular Geometry

Answer 48

bond angles: 120 spatial geometry: trigonal planar electron pair geometry: (sp2) lone pair substitutions: BENT

Question 49

TETRAHEDRAL Electron and Molecular Geometry

Answer 49

bond angles: 109.5 spatial geometry: tetrahedral electron pair geometry: (sp3) lone pair substitutions: TRIGONAL PYRAMIDAL, BENT

Question 50

TRIGONAL BIPYRAMIDAL Electron and Molecular Geometry

Answer 50

bond angles: 90,120 spatial geometry: trigonal bipyramidal electron pair geometry: (dsp3) lone pair substitutions: SAWHORSE, T-SHAPED, LINEAR

Question 51

OCTAHEDRAL Electron and Molecular Geometry

Answer 51

bond angles: 90 spatial geometry: octahedral electron pair geometry: (d2sp3) lone pair substitutions: SQUARE PYRAMIDAL, SQUARE PLANAR, T-SHAPED, LINEAR

Question 52

oxalate

Answer 52

C2O4 2-