2A2 Inorganic Aqueous Ions Flashcards
Define lowry bronsted acid and base?
Acid: Proton donor
Base: Proton acceptor
CuSO4(g) + 6H2O(l)
CuSO4(g) is white
[Cu(H2O)6]2+ which is blue
and SO42-(aq)
Green Fe?
[Fe(H2O)6]2+
Blue Cu?
[Cu(H2O)6]2+
Colourless Al?
[Al(H2O)6]3+
Pale violet appears brown Fe?
[Fe(H2O)6]3+
AlCl3(s) + 6H2O(l)?
[Al(H2O)6]3+(aq) + 3Cl-(aq)
Pale purple crystal?
FeSO4.7H2O
Blue crystal?
CuSO4.5H2O
three types of reaction?
If the O–H covalent bond in the water molecule is broken, this releases H+ so is known as an
ACIDITY or HYDROLYSIS reaction.
If the Metal–O coordinate bond is broken and a new ligand attaches, this is called a
SUBSITITUTION reaction.
Alternatively the metal ion itself may react and change oxidation state - this is a REDOX
reaction.
What factors does relate to acidity？
Charge - greater the charge, greater the acidity
Size - the smaller the radius the greater acidity
[Fe(H2O)6]3+
Pale violet, sometimes solid crystal, sometimes brown
What is the color of [Fe(H2O)6]2+?
GREEN
What is the color of [Cu(H2O)6]2+?
BLUE
What is the color of [Al(H2O)6]3+?
COLOURLESS
What is the color of [Fe(H2O)6]3+?
VIOLET (appears brown)
What is the precipitate formed when NaOH is added to [Fe(H2O)6]2+?
GREEN PPT [Fe(OH)2(H2O)4]
What happens to [Fe(OH)2(H2O)4] when oxidized in air?
It turns BROWN [Fe(OH)3(H2O)3]
What is the precipitate formed when NaOH is added to [Cu(H2O)6]2+?
BLUE PPT [Cu(OH)2(H2O)4]
What is the precipitate formed when NaOH is added to [Al(H2O)6]3+?
WHITE PPT [Al(OH)3(H2O)3]
What happens to [Al(OH)3(H2O)3] in excess NaOH?
It dissolves to give a COLOURLESS SOLUTION [Al(OH)4]-
What happens to [Fe(H2O)6]3+ if NaOH is added?
Form brown ppt [Fe(OH)3(H2O)3]
What happens to [Fe(H2O)6]2+ if NH3 is added?
Green ppt forms [Fe(OH)2(H2O)4]
What happens to [Fe(OH)2(H2O)4] if oxidised?
Brown [Fe(OH)3(H2O)3]
