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2A drug list > 2A drug list > Flashcards

2A drug list Flashcards

1
Q

What class of drug is alendronate?

A

Bisphosphonate

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2
Q

Describe the MOA of alendronate

A

Inhibits RANK-L signaling to osteoclast by osteoblasts so decreases bone resorption

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3
Q

What is alendronate used for?

A

Osteoporosis
Bone malignancy and myeloma
Long term steroids

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4
Q

What class of drugs does atenolol belong to

A

Cardioselective beta-blocker(Only inhibits beta 1 on heart)

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5
Q

What is atenolol used for?

A

Angina
Acute coronary syndrome
Arrhythmias: atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter

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6
Q

When is atenolol contraindicated?

A

In absolute asthma

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7
Q

Describe the MOA of atracurium

A

Muscle relaxant: competitively binds to cholinergic nicotinic/muscarinic receptors and neuromuscular junction and inhibit ACh action

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8
Q

What type of drug is atracurium?

A

ACh M3 antagonist

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9
Q

When is atracurium used?

A

Surgery

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10
Q

What class of drug does bendroflumethiazide belong to?

A

Thiazide diuretics

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11
Q

Describe the MOA of Bendroflumethiazide

A

Inhibits Na+ Cl- cotransporter in DCT

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12
Q

What class of drug does cefuroxime belong to?

A

3rd generation cephalosporin (beta-lactam)

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13
Q

What is cefuroxime used for?

A

Prostatitis, pyelonephritis, hospital-acquired pneumonia

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14
Q

What class of drugs does celecoxib belong to?

A

Selective Cox-2 inhibiting NSAID

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15
Q

What is celecoxib used for?

A

Pain relief in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis

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16
Q

What is the main side effect of celecoxib?

A

Dizziness

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17
Q

What kind of drug is chloramphenicol

A

Potent antibiotic

18
Q

What is chloramphenicol used for?

A

Eye drops for eye infections

19
Q

What type of drug is ciclosporin?

A

Calcineurin inhibitor

20
Q

Describe the MOA of ciclosporin?

A

Calcineurin activates T-cell response, ciclosporin inhibits this and causes immunosuppression

21
Q

What is ciclosporin used for?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis
Nephrotic syndrome
Crohn’s
Dermatitis
Sicca/Sjogren’s (eye drops)

22
Q

What drug class does ciprofloxacin belong to?

A

Fluoroquinolone

23
Q

What is ciprofloxacin used to treat?

A

Many infections, gram-negative bacteria
E.Coli
Salmonella
Shigella
Neisseria
Pseudomonas
Campylobacter
Chlamydia

24
Q

Describe the MOA of ciprofloxacin

A

DNA gyrate and topoisomerase inhibition

25
Q

Which drugs make up co-amoxiclav?

A

Amoxicillin
Clavulanic acid

26
Q

What class of drug does co-amoxiclav belong to?

A

Beta lactam (A) and beta lactamase inhibitor (C)

27
Q

When is co-amoxiclav most useful?

A

Beta lactamase-producing bacterial strains where amoxicillin alone isn’t sufficient

28
Q

What is co-amoxiclav used to treat?

A

Sinusitis
UTI
Skin/joint/dental infection

29
Q

What kind of drug is diamorphine?

A

Opioid analgesic, 2 times stronger than morphine
(Heroin)

30
Q

What is diamorphine used for?

A

Short term analgesia
Long term-tolerance, dependence, withdrawal

31
Q

What class of drug does dalteparin belong to?

A

Low molecular weight heparin

32
Q

Describe the MOA of dalteparin

A

Inhibits antithrombin 3
(anticoagulant)

33
Q

What is dalteparin used for?

A

DVT and PE to prevent risk of MI/stroke

34
Q

How is dobutamine administered?

A

IV only

35
Q

What class of drug is dobutamine?

A

beta 1 adrenergic antagonist

36
Q

What is dobutamine used to treat?

A

Cardiogenic shock and severe heart failure

37
Q

What class of drug does doxazosin belong to?

A

alpha-adrenergic antagonist (alpha-blocker)

38
Q

What is doxazosin used for

A

Hypertension
Phaeochromocytoma and hypertensive crisis
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (relaxes detrusor neck and makes it easy to pee)

39
Q

What is ephedrine used for?

A

Nose drops for nasal congestion
Prevents low BP during anaesthesia

40
Q

What kind of drug is ephedrine and where is it found?

A

Stimulant
Found directly in plants

2A drug list (1 decks)

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