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Chpt 29 > 29 Periodontics And Coronal Polishing > Flashcards

29 Periodontics And Coronal Polishing Flashcards

0
Q

Periodontium

A

Tissue that supports the teeth

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1
Q

Three out of four adults will exsperence

A

Periodontal problems to some degree in their lives.

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2
Q

Epithelial attachment

A

Area at the bottom of the sulcus where the gingiva attaches to the tooth.

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3
Q

Sulcus

A

Space between the tooth and free gingiva.

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4
Q

A healthy sulcus is

A

1 to 3 mm deep

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5
Q

Symptoms of periodontal disease

A

Bleeding, loose teeth, inflammation, abnormal contour of the gingiva, periodontal pocket formation, malocclusion , halitosis, pain and tenderness, recession and discoloration.

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6
Q

Calculus

A

Hard deposits, yellow or brown. Formed from bacterial plaque

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7
Q

Bruxism

A

Grinding of teeth, can be caused by strees

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8
Q

Gingivitis

A

Inflammation of the gingival tissue

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9
Q

Periodontitis

A

Formation of periodontal pockets

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10
Q

Furcation

A

Are where roots divide are visible

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11
Q

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis NUG

A

Accurs most in young adults 16 to 30,

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12
Q

Tooth mobility

A

Movement of tooth within the socket 1-3 three being bad

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13
Q

Recession

A

Loss of gingival tissue exposing cementum/ dentin usually seen on the facial surface

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14
Q

Gingival cleft

A

Fissure or elongated opening that extends toward the root of the tooth. The margin of the gingiva forms a V instead of smooth rounded border.

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15
Q

Occlusal equilibration

A

Removal of area showing excessive force. Burs,discs and stones are used to reduce and restore occlusion

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16
Q

Vertical bone resorption

A

Found on individual teeth on the interproximal surface.

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17
Q

Horizontal bone resorption

A

Equal crestfallen bone loss on medial and distal surface of proximal teeth

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18
Q

Instrument sharpening

A

Manually such as sharpening stones or mechanically which is more expensive.

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19
Q

After use sharpening stones are

A

Cleaned by scrubbing with stiff brush, soap and water or cleaned ultra sonically and then sterilized properly.

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20
Q

Curette

A

Hand held instrument used for removing sub gingival calculus

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21
Q

Scalers

A

Sharp instrument used to remove hard deposites such as super gingival ( above) or sub gingival ( below)

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22
Q

Sickle scalers

A

Two cutting edge used to remove supra gingival calculus ( also called the Shepard hook)

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23
Q

Hoe scaler

A

Has a blade bent at 90degree angle

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24
Q

Ultra sonic instruments

A

Typically used as an adjacent to manual scaling procedures

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25
Q

Periodontal knives (gingivectomy knives)

A

Used to remove tissue during periodontal surgery

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26
Q

Interdental knives ( interproximal)

A

Remove soft tissue interproximaly The Orban no. 1 and 2 very popular.
Spear shaped,long narrow blades with cutting edges on both sides.

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27
Q

Surgical scalpels

A

( bard Parker scalpel) used for perio surgery. Also comes in disposable

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28
Q

Electro surgery

A

Set up consist of control box, foot operated on off control , terminal plate placed behind patient and another terminal plate that is a prob. Basically it carte rises. BURNS

29
Q

Pocket marking pliers

A

To transfer measurement of pocket to outside tissue. When the beaks are pinched together the gingival tissue is perforated leaving small pin point markings.

30
Q

Lasers

A

Have to be trained to use. Effecency is determined by the hard/ soft tissue

31
Q

Uses of dental laser

A
  • Sulcular debridement and laser curettage
  • Gingivectomy , gingivoplasty frenectomy
  • fibroma and other tumor removal
  • implant exposure
  • treatment of aphthous ulcers
  • tissue fusion eliminating the need for sutures
  • eliminates granulation tissue
  • biopsy
  • crown lengthening
  • control bleeding
  • osseous procedures
32
Q

Benefits of lasers

A
  • bloodless operations
  • minimal or no anesthesia
  • minimizes swelling
  • enhanced coagulation
  • minimizes healing time
  • reduces damage to surrounding tissue
  • reduces chance of infection
  • accuracy of cutting
  • reduces chair time
  • less fear and anxiety for patient
33
Q

Purpose of scaling

A

To remove plaque calculus stains from surface of teeth.

34
Q

Prophylaxis can be performed by

A

Dentist or hygienist

35
Q

Scaling curettage and polishing procedure steps

A

1 examine oral cavity
2 use scalers and curettes to remove calculus and debris
3 polish teeth with prophy past
4 use dental tap and prophy past to clean the interproximal areas
5 then entire mouth is flossed and rinsed

36
Q

Gingivectomy

A

Surgical removal of diseased gingival tissue that forms the periodontal pocket.

37
Q

Gingivoplasty

A

Reshaping of the gingival tissue.

38
Q

Periodontal flap surgery

A

Surgically separating the gingiva from the underlying tissue.

39
Q

Osseous surgery

A

Removes defects in the bone cause by periodontal disease or other related conditions

40
Q

Osteoplasty

A

RESHAPING of bone

41
Q

Ostectomy

A

REMOVAL of bone

42
Q

During subtractive osseous was surgery ( bone grafting) the bone is removed with

A

Chisels, rongers, files, dim and burrs and stones.

43
Q

Autogenous ( autografts)

A

Bone exstracted from intra oral and extra oral sites.

44
Q

Allogeneic ( allografts)

A

Between ppl of the same species

45
Q

Allogeneic ( alloplastic grafts)

A

Various synthetic materials

46
Q

Xenogeneic ( xenografts )

A

Different species cows or pigs

47
Q

Frenumectomy

A

Removal of frenum

48
Q

Periodontal dressing

A

Zinc oxide -euginal
Non euginal
Light cured
And gelitin based materials

49
Q

Noneugenol dressing

A

Less sinsitive

50
Q

Dressing pack is kept for ? After surgery

A

One week

51
Q

Coronal polishing is

A

Polishing of the clinical crown

52
Q

For orthodontic appliances

A

Small rubber cup and pointed or tapered brush

53
Q

Hypersensitive teeth

A

Very wet abrasive with a light stroke. Dry with cotton roll or swab

54
Q

Green chromagenic bacterial stain

A

Use a solution of equal part 3% hydrogen peroxide and water.

55
Q

Minor oral irritation

A

Avoid areas apply protective coating of lubricant

56
Q

Intrinsic stains

A

Inside tooth structure

57
Q

Extrinsic stains

A

Outside of tooth can be removed with scaling.

58
Q

Exogeniouse

A

Originating from outside

59
Q

Endogenous

A

Originating from inside

60
Q

Catigories of intrinsic stains

A

Dental fluorosis - high constant of fluoride
Pulp damage or non vital tooth-pulp damaged or removed
Tetracycline stain- high concentrate of antibiotic tetracycline
Metallic stain- insintric or exsentric.

61
Q

Extrinsic stains

A

Yellow brown- poor hygeine
Tobacco-
Green stain- foun most in children bacteria or fungi
Black line stain -
Orange stain-chromagenic bacteria
Chlorhexiden stain - prolonged use of chlorhexidene not perm. Can be removed with brushing.

62
Q

Rate of abrasion

A

The time it takes to remove stains

63
Q

Factors determining rate of abrasion

A 
Speed of hand piece 
Pressure
Amount of abrasive
Type of abrasive
Dryer the abrasive material the more abrasive they are.
64
Q

Types of abrasives

A

Humectant retains moisture
Zirconium- gold restoration
Tin oxide - very fine uses on enamel and metallic
Flour Pumice- not used on exposed dentin
Chalk - mild
Fluoride prophylaxis pastes - very popular fluoride is added

65
Q

Dental hand piece for coronal polish

A

Low speed with prophy angle attachment

66
Q

Rubber prophy cup

A

Natural or synthetic, natural are reseliant will not stain. Synthetic are tough n black n will stain

67
Q

Prophy brush

A

Snap on screw on nylon or natural tapered or flat

68
Q

Flar prophy cup about

A

1 to 2 mm

69
Q

Dental tap ? Inches

A

12 to 18

Chpt 29 (1 decks)

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