Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 2 Resp Exam 2 > Sarcoidosis, D Linger, DSA > Flashcards

Sarcoidosis, D Linger, DSA Flashcards

1
Q

What is sarcoidosis

A

systemic granulomatous disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

90% patients with sarcoidosis present with what

A

mediastinal hilar lymph node involvement or parenchymal lung disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When is the peak incidence of sarcoidosis

A

between ages 20 and 39

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

demographic distribution of sarcoidosis

A

3.5x more common in black americans

women >men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Lofgrens syndrome

A

acute manifestation of the disease consisting of erythema nodosum, arthritis, and b/l hilar lymphadenopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

prognosis of lofgrens syndrome

A

favorable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

chronic sarcoidosis can lead to what

A

progressive pulmonary fibrosis and increased morbidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the general Sx of sarcoidosis

A

fatigue, fever, night sweats and weight loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are Sx and signs of pulmonary involvement in sarcoidosis

A

cough, dyspnea with exertion, wheeze, chest discomfort

rales, expiratory wheezing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are signs and Sx of skin involvement in sarcoidosis

A

rash, macules, papules, nodules, hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation, erythema nodosum
infiltration of old scars and tattoos, maculopapular lesions of face, neck, upper back and extremities
lupus pernio of nose, cheeks, ears and lips. erythema nodosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are signs and Sx of ocular involvement in sarcoidosis

A

gritty or dry eyes, pain, redness and or blurred vision

uveitis, iritis, scleral plaques, enlarged lacrimal glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are signs and Sx of cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis

A

arrhythmia, palpitations, near-syncope, lower extremity edema
usually normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are signs and Sx of nervous system involvement in sarcoidosis

A

HA, blurred vision, numbness, weakness, instability, seizures
cranial nerves II VII VIII, neuropathies, gait instability, weakness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are signs and Sx of GI involvement in sarcoidosis

A

epigastric pain, early satiety, RUQ pain, jaundice

HSM, jaundice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are signs and Sx of MSK involvement in sarcoidosis

A

swelling and joint stiffness, joint pain, muscle pain

arthralgias, arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are Signs of lymphatic involvement in sarcoidosis

A

common sites of palpable adenopathy: cervical, supraclavicular, axillae, inguinal regions

17
Q

how can you Dx sarcoidosis based of signs found around eye

A

yellow nodules of conjunctival involvement that can be biopsied to make Dx

18
Q

what are the cardiac manifestations that are rare in sarcoidosis

A

AV block, ventricular arrhythmias, L ventricular dysfunction and sudden death

19
Q

Most common CN involved in sarcoidosis

A

VII II and VIII

20
Q

most common joints affected by sarcoidosis

A

ankles and knees

21
Q

What occurs with Ca metabolism in sarcoidosis

A

disorders of vitamin D that may result in nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis and hypercalcuria
sometimes symptomatic renal stone

22
Q

How do you Dx sarcoidosis

A

clinical, radiographic and histologic evidence of non-caseating granulomas in one or more organs

23
Q

what is pathoneumonic of sarcoidosis

A

lofgrens syndrome

24
Q

what is show up on a bronchoalveolar lavage in sarcoidosis

A

lymphocytosis and elevated CD4/8 ratio

25
Q

What enzyme will be elevated in sarcoid granulomas

A

ACE

26
Q

What is on DDx for sarcoidosis

A

mycobacteria, fungi, spirochetes, bacteria, parasites
lymphoma, carcinoma
extrinsic allergic alveolitis (bird fanciers lung and farmers lung)
chemical:silica and beryllium
Immuno: crohns disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, vasculitis

27
Q

What are the CXR staging for sarcoidosis

A

stage 0: normal
stage 1: b/l hilar adenopathy
stage 2: b/l hilar adenopathy and parenchymal infiltrates
stage 3: parenchymal infiltrates w/o lymphadenopathy
stage 4: advanced parenchymal disease with fibrosis

28
Q

how will sarcoidosis present on a PFT

A

restrictive ventilatory defect, concurrent obstruction and decreased DLCO

29
Q

What labs should you order if you suspect sarcoidosis

A 
CXR
PFT
opthalmic exam
EKG
CBC
CMP
24 urine
serum ACE
consider cardiac monitoring
30
Q

When do you initiate Tx for sarcoidosis

A

symptomatic patients only

31
Q

what is Tx for sarcoidosis

A

prednisone 20-40 mg daily for 3 mo
monitor for improvement in FVC and if improved wean 10-15mg daily for 6-9 mo then taper off
cytotoxic and immunosuppressives are used for those not responding to prednisone

32
Q

Prognosis of sarcoidosis

A

spontaneous remission in 50% patients at 3 yrs

less than 5% die from sarcoidosis

Year 2 Resp Exam 2 (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions