28. Oral Drug Delivery Flashcards

1
Q

What are symptoms of excessive caffeine intake?

A

Rapid or fluttering heartbeat, light-headiness, upset stomach & overall feeling of jitteriness

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2
Q

What is the problem in delivering poorly soluble drugs orally?

A

Dissolving

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3
Q

What are the four main reasons for oral routes of administration?

A
  • Reason 1: Systemic delivery of drug for many non-GI specific conditions
  • Reason 2: Treating GI conditions:
    1. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)
    2. Duodenal and stomach ulcer disease (PUD)
    3. Gastritis
    4. Non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD)
    5. Oesophageal & gastric cancer
    6. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
    7. Colon cancer and many more…
    • Reason 3: Unused medications cost the NHS around £300 million every year
    • Reason 4: The more acceptable and familiar form
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4
Q

What is involved in oral absorption

A

Systemic activity of an API molecule after oral administration it must be absorbed from the intestine to the bloodstream/site of action

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5
Q

What is the most dominant mechanism of drug absorption from the intestinal lumen (GIT)?

A

Passive diffusion

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6
Q

What are the three pathways by which drug molecules cross the intestinal epithelium?

A
  1. Transcellular Pathway → Passive diffusion across the cell membrane
  2. Paracellular Pathway → Passive diffusion between adjacent cells
  3. Carrier-Mediated Pathway → Carrier mediated transport
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7
Q

How do Lipophilic molecules cross the membrane?

A

Transcellular diffusion

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