28 - Arboviral Infections

Question 1

Where would you expect to see EEE/WEE/WNV?

Answer 1

WEE: west, Midwest
EEE: east, gulf coast, south
WNV: across US

Question 2

Which arboviruses are associated with high mortality rates in humans and animals? Which one would you NOT want to get?

Answer 2

• EEE (50-75), WEE (5-15), St. Louis (2-20), WNV (10)
• EEE

Question 3

What differential should you always consider when you have a horse with a neurologic disease?

Answer 3

rabies

Question 4

(arboviral infections)

What does it mean to be a “dead-end” host?

Answer 4

• a host from which infectious agents are not transmitted to other susceptible hosts (in this case have low levels of viremia)
• humans and horses are the dead end hosts (birds are the reservoir)

Question 5

List three ways to can prevent arboviral infections?

Answer 5

Stay indoors at dawn and dusk, wear long sleeved shirts, insect repellant, vaccine for horses

Question 6

Why has there been a dramatic drop in equine WNV cases in Minnesota?

Answer 6

• Donated blood is now tested for WNV by nucleic acid-amplification test (NAT), this has markedly reduced the risk of transfusion transmission