27.3 Diverse Nutritional and Metabolic adaptations have evolved in Prokaryotes

Question 1

What is the definition of: Phototroph

Answer 1

Organisms that obtain energy from light

Question 2

What is the definition of: Chemotroph

Answer 2

Organisms that obtain energy from chemicals

Question 3

What is the definition of: Autotrophs

Answer 3

Organisms that only need CO2 or related compounds as a carbon source

Question 4

What is the definition of: Heterotroph

Answer 4

Organisms that require at least one organic nutrient to make other organic compounds

Question 5

What is the definition of: Obligate aerobes

Answer 5

Organisms that must use oxygen for cellular respiration

Question 6

What is the definition of: Obligate anaerobe

Answer 6

Organisms that can not use oxygen for cellular respiration and become poisoned in the presence of oxygen

Question 7

What is the definition of: Anaerobic respiration

Answer 7

The use of other substance (not oxygen) in cellular respiration

Question 8

What is the definition of: Facilitative anaerobe

Answer 8

An organism that can use oxygen for cellular respiration and in the absence of oxygen carry out fermentation or anaerobic respiration

Question 9

What is the definition of: Nitrogen fixation

Answer 9

The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia in certain prokaryotes

Question 10

What is the definition of: Heterocyst

Answer 10

A specialized cell that engates in nitrogen fixation in some filamentous cyanobacteria

Question 11

What is the definition of: Biofilm

Answer 11

A surface-coating colony of one or more species of prokaryote that engages in metabolic cooperation