27.1 Amines

Question 1

what are amines?

Answer 1

organic compounds derived from ammonia (NH3)
in which one or more atoms in ammonia have been replaced by a carbon chain or ring

Question 2

aliphatic amines?

Answer 2

the nitrogen atom is attached to at least one straight or branched carbon chain (alkyl group, R).
methylamine, CH3NH2 is the simplest aliphatic amine

Question 3

aromatic amines?

Answer 3

the nitrogen atom is attached to an aromatic ring (aryl group, Ar).
phenylamine, C6H5NH2 is the simplest aromatic amine

Question 4

how to determine between primary, secondary, or tertiary amines?

Answer 4

it is based on the number of alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom

Question 5

naming primary amines:
when the NH2 is on carbon 1

Answer 5

• adding the suffix (-amine) to the name of the alkyl chain.
  e.g propylamine

Question 6

naming primary amines:
when the NH2 is not on carbon 1

Answer 6

• using the prefix (amino-) and a number is added to indicate the position of the amine along that chain.
  e.g 2-aminobutane

Question 7

naming secondary or tertiary amines:
containing the same alkyl group

Answer 7

• prefixes (di-, or tri-) are used
• suffix (-amine) is used
  e.g dimethylamine

Question 8

naming secondary or tertiary amines:
containing 2 or more different groups attached to the N atom

Answer 8

• the compound is named as an N-substituted derivative of the larger group.
  e.g CH3NHCH2CH2CH3 =
  N-methylpropylamine