26.1- INTRODUCTION TO ALDEHYDES AND KETONES Flashcards
What does the carbonyl group consist of?
carbon-oxygen double bond
Where is the carbonyl group present?
in ketones + aldehydes
In aldehydes what does the carbonyl carbon have?
has at least one hydrogen atom bonded to it
In ketones, what does the carbonyl carbon have?
two organic groups
What suffix is used to name aldehydes?
-al
Where only can the aldehyde group occur?
only occur at end of chain
As the aldehyde group can only occur at the end of a chain, what is not needed?
numbering system not needed to show location
What suffix is used to name ketones?
-one
Is the carbonyl group polar?
strongly polar
As the carbonyl group is strongly polar, what is between ketone and aldehyde molecules?
permanent dipole-dipole forces between the molecules
What chain length aldehydes and ketones mix completely with water?
shorter chain aldehydes and ketones
Why do shorter chain aldehydes and ketones mix completely with water?
as hydrogen bonds form between oxygen of carbonyl compound + water
What happens to the solubility of carbonyl compounds as the length of the carbon chain increases? (solubility in water)
as length of carbon chain increases, carbonyl compounds become less soluble in water
What state is methanal in at room temp?
gas
What does benzenecarbaldehyde smell of and what is it used to do?
smell of almonds
used to scent soaps + flavour food
