2.6 Proteins Flashcards
What 2 functional groups to amino acids contain
Amine group and carboxyl group
What is an alpha amino acid
Both functional groups are attached to the same carbon
What is an essential amino acid
Amino acids that are obtained from the diet
What process forms proteins
When amino acids undergo condensation polymerisation
Name 3 properties of proteins
- All contain nitrogen 2. Are natural polyamides 3. Contain the peptide link
How are proteins formed
When the amine group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another join together
What happens to proteins during digestion
They are hydrolysed and amino acids are passed into the bloodstream
What happens during the hydrolysis of a protein
The bond between the C-N in the amide link is broken
What does an amide/peptide link look like
O=C-N-H
What are the two types of protein structure
Fibrous and Globular
What is a fibrous protein
Long linear chains with some crosslinks, used for building animal tissue
What is a globular protein
Folded chain, almost spherical in shape, used to maintain life processes
What is an enzyme
A biological catalyst
What type of protein is an enzyme
Globular
Why will enzymes only react with a particular reactant
Because they are specific to the substrate
