26 High risk pregnancy assessment

Question 1

4 categories of high risk pregnancy risk factors

Answer 1

Biophysical
Psychosocial
sociodemographic
environmental

Question 2

Biophysical

Answer 2

AMA
genetic disorders
nutrition
frequent pregnancies (WAIT 18 MONTHS(
ABO incompatibility

Question 3

when to begin monitoring for baby

Answer 3

32-34 weeks until birth

Question 4

Antepartum testing methods

Answer 4

Biophysical
Biochemical
Electronic Fetal Monitoring

Question 5

Biophysical methods of monitoring

Answer 5

daily fetal movement counts
ultrasonagraphy
nonmedical ultrasonagraphy
MRI (no full bladder)

Question 6

Types of ultrasonagraphy

Answer 6

Transvaginal (no full bladder)

abdominal (need full bladder)

Question 7

Levels of ultrasonagraphy

Answer 7

basic
limited
specialized

Question 8

Nuchal Transclucency

Answer 8

screening done in ulstrasoud during 10-14 wk that measures nape of fetal neck to determine if greater then 3mm (abnormal); indicates trisomy 13, 18, 21 of cardiac issues

Question 9

Amniotic fluid volume

Answer 9

determined with ultrasound
Measured by AFI (amniotic fluid index) which can be measured in black space in US
AFI – total # - low of 5 cm to high of 24 cm
AFV= 8-10

Question 10

amniotic fluid index

Answer 10

5-24 cm

Question 11

Biophysical Profile (BPP)

Answer 11

Test of fetal well-being that includes AFV, FBMs, fetal movements, and fetla tone by means of NST
Like the stress test, which is US with well-being
Breathing, tone, movements, AFI, NST
Frequent use in 2nd & 3rd trimester
Range of 8-10 with normal AFV is good indicator
Altered if baby is sleeping
- also a modified BPP with AFI

Question 12

Ultrasound indications

Answer 12

Fetal viability
Fetal number and position
Gestational age
growth patterns
Amniotic fluid volume
Fetal well being
Placental location and condition
Cervical length
placental position
fetal well being 
crown-rump link (1st trimester)
uterine abnormalities

Question 13

Biochemical methods of monitoring (invasive)

Answer 13

amniocentesis (14 wk)
percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS)/codocentesis (also anemia, infection, thrombocyopenia)
chorionic villus sampling (CVS) (10-13 wk)
maternal assays

Question 14

Mother Assays

Answer 14

Maternal serum Alpha-Fetoprotein (MSAFP)
Multiple Marker Screens (also with triple-quad testing with hcG)
Coombs test (Rh incompatibility)
Cell-free DNA screening in Maternal Blood

Nueral tube defects or down syndrome assess

Question 15

Electronic Fetal Monitoring for antepartum

Answer 15

Use NST or CST

CST through nipple simulation, Oxycontin, or vibroacoustic

NST takes 20-30 min