Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology Exam 2 > 26 - Coagulation > Flashcards

26 - Coagulation Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five main components of the homeostasis system?

A 
1 - Vascular system
2 - Platelet system
3 - Coagulation system
4 - Anti-coagulation system
5 - Fibrinolysis system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the vascular system in terms of homeostasis?

A

Overall, the constriction by the vasculature serves to reduce blood flow at the site of injury in order to prevent blood loss

Vasocostriction also functions to slow the flow of platelets passing by the injury, allowing them to have a better chance of adhering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of the platelet system in terms of homeostasis?

A

Overall platelets act to prevent blood loss by forming platelet plugs at the site of injury

Platelets also release factors that can induce vasoconstriction (thromboxane, A2, serotonin)_

Platelets also play an important role in the coagulation system by secreting factor V and providing phospholipids needed by coagulation factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of the coagulation system in terms of homeostasis?

A

To form fibrin clots and to further stimulate platelet activation by producing thrombin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of the anti-coagulation system in terms of homeostasis?

A

To reduce coagulation by reducing thrombin formation and destroying thrombin that is already formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of the fibrinolysis system in terms of homeostasis?

A

To dissolve unnecessary clots formed in undamaged tissues and to remove clots after the injury has healed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the main platelet glycoproteins that induce platelet adhesion and activation?

A
  • GP1b-alpha
  • GPVI
  • GPIIa and GPIIIb
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What ligands does GP1b-alpha use?

A

von Willebrand Factor (vWf)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What ligand does GPVI use?

A

Collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What ligand does GPIIa and GPIIIb use?

A

Fibrinogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What G protein-coupled receptors induce platelet adhesion and activation?

A
  • P2Y12
  • Protease activated receptor (PAR)
  • Thromboxane A2 receptor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What ligand does P2Y12 use?

A

ADP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What ligand does Protease activated receptor (PAR) use?

A

Thrombin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What ligand does thromboxane A2 receptor use?

A

Thromboxane A2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the functions of platelet-secreted ADP

A

To further activate platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the function of serotonin

A

To further activate platelets and cause vasoconstriction

17
Q

Describe the function of thromboxane A2

A

To further activate platelet adhesion and activation

18
Q

What is the role that platelets play in the coagulation cascade?

A
  • Phospholipids that are used by the coagulation factors

- Secrete factor V

19
Q

How does thrombin (formed by the coagulation system) activate platelets?

A

It activates the protease activated receptors (PARs) on the surface of platelts

The PARs are G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs)

20
Q

What are the 12 coagulation factors?

A 
1 - Factor I (fibrinogen)
2 - Factor II (Prothrombin)
3 - Factor III (Tissue factor)
4 - Factor IV (Ca2+)
5 - Factor V
6 - Factor VII
7 - Factor VIII
8 - Factor IX
9 - Factor X
10 - Factor XI
11 - Factor XII
12 - Factor XIII
21
Q

What is the function of Factor I (fibrinogen)?

A

We will refer to it as fibrinogen (its descriptive name)

Thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin, which forms the fibrin blood clot

22
Q

What is the function of Factor II (prothrombin)?

A

We will refer to it as Prothrombin, its descriptive name

  • Prothrombin becomes converted into thrombin which cleaves fibrinogen and forms fibrin
  • Fibrin molecules form fibrin fibers
  • Thrombin also activates Factor XIII into XIIIa
  • Factor XIIIa induces crosslinking of fibrin fibers, thus forming a secure fibrin clot
23
Q

What is the function of Factor III (tissue factor)?

A
  • Tissue factor is already active in the vasculature subendothelial tissues
  • It is not exposed to the blood in undamaged vessels
  • When injury occurs to the endothelial cells that are lining the blood vessel, tissue factor is exposed to factor VII which is contained in the blood plasma
  • Tissue factor then binds to factor VII and activates it into VIIz
  • Tissue factor VIIa and Ca++ form a complex that activates Factor X into Factor Xa
24
Q

What is the function of factor IV (Ca++)?

A

We will just call it Ca++

It acts as a cofactor with most of the coagulation factors

25
Q

What is the function of Factor V?

A
  • Factor V is released by activated platelets
  • It becomes activated into factor Va by thrombin
  • Factor Va forms a complex with Factor Xa, Ca++ and phospholipids (PL)
  • This forms the prothrombin activator complex, which rapidly activates prothrobin into thrombin
26
Q

Is there a factor VI?

A

No

27
Q

What is the function of Factor VII?

A
  • Factor VII is activated by Tissue factor
  • Factor VIIa forms a complex with Tissue factor and Ca++
  • This complex functions to activate Factor X
28
Q

What is the function of Factor VIII?

A
  • Thrombin activates Factor VIII
  • Factor VIIIa complexes with Factor IXa, Ca++ and phospholipids (PL) to form the tenase complex
  • The tenase complex rapidly activates Factor X
29
Q

What is the function of Factor IX?

A
  • Factor XIa activates Factor IX

- Factor IXa then forms the tenase complex, which rapidly activates Factor X into Factor Xa

30
Q

What is the function of Factor X?

A
  • The tenase complex activates Factor X
  • Factor Xa forms from the prothrombin complex with Factor Va, Ca++ and phospholipids (PL)
  • The prothrombin complex rapidly activates prothrombin into thrombin
31
Q

What is the function of Factor XI?

A
  • Factor XIIa activates Factor XI

- Factor XIa then activates Factor IX

32
Q

What is the function of Factor XII?

A
  • Factor XII is activated when if it exposed to collagen at the site of injury
  • Factor XIIa then activates Factor XI
33
Q

What is the function of Factor XIII?

A

Factor XII is activated by thrombin

- Factor XIIIa acts to cross link fibrin fibers which helps them to form the secure fibrin clot

34
Q

What are the important connections between the platelet system and the coagulations system?

A
  • Platelet phospholipids are used by the coagulation system
  • Platelets release Factor V, which is part of the coagulation system
  • The coagulation system produces thrombin, which binds to GPCRs on platelets causing platelet activation
35
Q

What are the components of the anticoagulation system?

A
  • Thrombin/thrombodulin complex
  • Protein C
  • Protein S
  • Tissue factor inhibitor (TFPI)
  • Antithrombin
  • Heparin suphate
36
Q

What are the components of the fibrinolytic system?

A
  • Plasminogen
  • Plasmin
  • TIssue plasminogen activator (tPA)
  • Plasminogen activatior inhibitor (PAI)
  • Alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor

Physiology Exam 2 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions