2.6 Cell Division, Cell Diversity and Cell Differentiation

Question 1

What are the 3 main stages of the eukaryotic cell cycle?

Answer 1

• Interphase
• Mitosis
• Cytokinesis

Question 2

What are the main stages of interphase?

Answer 2

• G1 (gap 1)
• S (synthesis)
• G2 (gape 2)

Question 3

What occurs during interphase?

Answer 3

• G1: Cell grows + respires. Proteins are made + organelles replicated
• S: DNA replication occurs, chromosomes become sister chromatids joined by a centromere
• G2: DNA replication is checked for mistakes, organelles replicated

Question 4

What are the main stages of mitosis?

Answer 4

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 5

What happens during each stage of mitosis?

Answer 5

• Prophase: sister chromatids supercoil (to shorten/thicken, now visible under light microscope). Nuclear membrane breaks down. Centriole divides in 2 + each daughter centriole goes to a pole of the cell. Spindle fibres (microtubules) begin to form.
• Metaphase: sister chromosomes line up along the equator. Spindle fibres attach to the centromeres
• Anaphase: centromere splits, chromatids separate, spindle fibres shorten. Pull identical chromatids to opposite poles with the centromere leading
• Telophase: chromosomes uncoil, nuclear envelope reforms, spindle fibres break down.

Question 6

What happens during cytokinesis?

Answer 6

-Cytoplasm clea