2.6 - An Overview of IPv4 and IPv6

Question 1

IP Addressing

Answer 1

• IPv4 is the primary protocol for everything we do
• You probably won’t configure anything else
• IPv6 is slowly appearing

Question 2

IPv4 Addresses

Answer 2

• Internet Protocol version 4

* OSI Layer 3 address

Question 3

IPv6 Addressing

Answer 3

• Internet Protocol v6 - 128-bit address
• 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456
addresses (340 undecillion)
• 6.8 billion people could have
5,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 addresses each

Question 4

Networking with IPv4

Answer 4

• IP Address, e.g., 192.168.1.165
• Every device needs a unique IP address
• Subnet mask, e.g., 255.255.255.0
• Used by the local device to determine its subnet
• The subnet mask isn’t (usually) transmitted
across the network
• Default gateway, e.g., 192.168.1.1
• The router that allows you to communicate
outside of your local subnet
• The default gateway must be an IP address
on the local subnet

Question 5

DNS Servers

Answer 5

• We remember names
• professormesser.com, google.com, youtube.com
• Internet routers don’t know names
• Routers only know IP addresses
• Something has to translate between names
and IP addresses
• Domain Name Services
• You configure TWO DNS servers in your IP configuration
• That’s how important it is